Nkhani - API 5L Line Pipe: Kalozera Wokwanira Wopanga Chemical ndi Magwiridwe

Chiyambi:

API 5L ndi ndondomeko yokhazikika yokhazikitsidwa ndi American Petroleum Institute (API) ya mapaipi opanda msoko ndi otsekemera omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mayendedwe mkati mwa mafakitale amafuta ndi gasi.Womic Steel, wopanga mapaipi amizere a API 5L, amapereka zinthu zambiri zomwe zimakwaniritsa magiredi ndi mafotokozedwe osiyanasiyana.Nkhaniyi ikupereka kufananitsa kwatsatanetsatane kwa kapangidwe ka mankhwala, mawonekedwe amakina, ndi miyezo yoyesera yamagiredi osiyanasiyana a API 5L, onse PSL1 ndi PSL2 pamitundu itatu ya mapaipi: ERW (Electric Resistance Welded), LSAW (Longitudinal Submerged Arc Welded), ndi SMLS (Wopanda msoko).

Kuthekera ndi Kusiyanasiyana:

制造方法 Mtundu	钢级起 Grd.Min	钢级止 Grd.Max	外径起 OD Min mm	外径止 OD Max mm	壁厚起 WT Min	壁厚止 WT max mm	生产能力 Ykhutu MT/a
SMLS	B	X80Q	33.4	457	3.4	60	200000
Mtengo wa HFW	B	X80M	219.1	610	4.0	19.1	200000
Mtengo wa SAWL	B	X100M	508	1422	6.0	40	500000

Kulekerera kwa Diameter Yakunja

标准 Standard	外径范围 Kukula	外径公差 Kulekerera kwa Diameter				椭圆度 Kuchokera ku Roundness
		管体 Thupi la Pipe		管端 Pipe End		管体 Thupi la Pipe	管端 Pipe End
		无缝 SMLS	焊管 Weldec	无缝 SMLS	焊管 Welded	无缝 SMLS	焊管 Welded
API SPEC 5L Mtengo wa 3183 GB/T9711	D <60.3mm	+ 0.4mm/-0.8mm		+ 1.6mm/-0.4mm
	60.3mm≤D≤168.3mm	+ 0.75%/-0.75%				≤2.0%	≤1.5%
	168.3 mm			+ 0.5%/-0.5%
	320 mm			+ 1.6mm/-1.6mm
	426 mm pa	+ 0.75%/-0.75%	+ 3.2mm/-3.2mm
	610 mm	+ 1.0%/-1.0%	+ 0.5%/-0.5%	± 2.0mm	± 1.6mm	≤1.5%	≤1.0%
	800 mm		+ 4mm/-4mm
	1000 mm	+ 1.0%/-1.0%	+ 4mm/-4mm			≤15 mm	≤1.0%
	1300 mm	+ 1.0%/-1.0%	+ 4mm/-4mm			≤15 mm	≤13 mm

Chidziwitso: D ndiye m'mimba mwake mwadzina wakunja kwa chitoliro.

Kulekerera Makulidwe a Khoma

标准 Standard	外径范围 Kutchulidwa Kunja Diameter	壁厚范围 Makulidwe a Khoma	壁厚公差 Kulekerera Makulidwe a Khoma	壁厚公差 Kulekerera Makulidwe a Khoma
标准 Standard	外径范围 Kutchulidwa Kunja Diameter	壁厚范围 Makulidwe a Khoma	无缝 Mtengo wa SMLS	焊管 Welded Chitoliro
API SPEC 5L ISO 3183 Mtengo wa GB/T9711	-	t≤4.0mm	+ 0.6mm/-0.5mm	+ 0.5mm/-0.5mm
	-	4.0 mm	+ 15%/-12.5%	+ 0.5mm/-0.5mm
	-	5.0 mm		+ 10%/-10%
	-	15.0mmst<25.0mm		+ 1.5mm/-1.5mm
	-	25.0mm≤t<30.0mm	+ 3.7mm/-3.0mm
	-	30.0mm≤t<37.0mm	+ 3.7mm/-10.0%
	-	t≥37.0mm	+ 10.0%/-10.0%

Chemical Analysis

标准 Standard	钢管种类 Mtundu wa Chitoliro	等级 Kalasi	钢级 Gulu	C	Si	Mn	P	S	V	Nb	T	CE	Pcm	备注 Ndemanga
标准 Standard	钢管种类 Mtundu wa Chitoliro	等级 Kalasi	钢级 Gulu	max	max	max	max	max	max	max	max	max	max	备注 Ndemanga
API SPEC 5L ISO 3183 Mtengo wa GB/T9711	无缝管 SMLS	PSL1	L210 kapena A	0.22		0.90	0.030	0.030						e,o
			L245 kapena B	0.28		1.20	0.030	0.030						c,d,o
			L290 kapena X42	0.28		1.30	0.030	0.030						de,o
			L320 kapena X46	0.28		1.40	0.030	0.030						d, ndi,o
			L360 kapena X52	0.28		1.40	0.030	0.030						d, ndi,o
			L390 kapena X56	0.28		1.40	0.030	0.030						d, e,o
			L415 kapena X60	0.28		1.40	0.030	0.030						d, ndi,o
			L450 kapena X65	0.28		1.40	0.030	0.030						de,o
			L485 kapena X70	0.28		1.40	0.030	0.030						d, ndi,o
		PSL2	L245N kapena BN	0.24	0.40	1.20	0.025	0.015			0.04	0.43	0.25	CFO
			L290N kapena X42N	0.24	0.40	1.20	0.025	0.015	0.06	0.05	0.04	0.43	0.25	f,o
			L320N kapena X46N	0.24	0.40	1.40	0.025	0.015	0.07	0.05	0.04	0.43	0.25	d,f,o
			L360N kapena X52N	0.24	0.45	1.40	0.025	0.015	0.10	0.05	0.04	0.43	0.25	d,f,o
			L390N kapena X56N	0.24	0.45	1.40	0.025	0.015	0.10	0.05	0.04	0.43	0.25	d,f,o
			L415N kapena X60N	0.24	0.45	1.40	0.025	0.015	0.10	0.05	0.04	Monga momwe anavomerezera		d,g,o
			L245Q kapena BQ	0.18	0.45	1.40	0.025	0.015	0.05	0.05	0.04	0.43	0.25	f,o
			L290Q kapena X42Q	0.18	0.45	1.40	0.025	0.015	0.05	0.05	0.04	0.43	0.25	f,o
			Zithunzi za L320Q kapenaX46Q	0.18	0.45	1.40	0.025	0.015	0.05	0.05	0.04	0.43	0.25	f,o
			13600 kapena × 52Q	0.18	0.45	1.50	0.025	0.015	0.05	0.05	0.04	0.43	0.25	f,o
			L390Q kapena X56Q	0.18	0.45	1.50	0.025	0.015	0.07	0.05	0.04	0.43	0.25	d,f,o
			L415Q kapena X60Q	0.18	0.45	1.70	0.025	0.015				0.43	0.25	d,g,o
			L450Q kapena X65Q	0.18	0.45	1.70	0.025	0.015				0.43	0.25	d,g,o
			L485Q kapena X70Q	0.18	0.45	1.80	0.025	0.015				0.43	0.25	d,g,o
			L555Q kapena X80Q	0.18	0.45	1.90	0.025	0.015				Monga momwe anavomerezera		h, ndi
		酸性服役条件 Kwa wowawasa utumiki	L245NS kapena BNS	0.14	0.40	1.35	0.020	0.008			0.04	0.36	0.22	c,d,k
			L290NS kapena X42NS	0.14	0.40	1.35	0.020	0.008	0.05	0.05	0.04	0.36	0.22	j ,k
			L320NS kapena X46NS	0.14	0.40	1.40	0.020	0.008	0.07	0.05	0.04	0.38	0.23	dj, k
			L360NS kapena X52NS	0.16	0.45	1.65	0.020	0.008	0.10	0.05	0.04	0.43	0.25	d,j, ndi
			L245QS kapena BQS	0.14	0.40	1.35	0.020	0.008	0.04	0.04	0.04	0.34	0.22	j ,k
			L290QS kapena X42QS	0.14	0.40	1.35	0.020	0.008	0.04	0.04	0.04	0.34	0.22	j ,k
			L320QS kapena X46QS	0.15	0.45	1.40	0.020	0.008	0.05	0.05	0.04	0.36	0.23	j ,k
			L360QS kapena X52QS	0.16	0.45	1.65	0.020	0.008	0.07	0.05	0.04	0.39	0.23	d,j, ndi
			L390QS kapena X56QS	0.16	0.45	1.65	0.020	0.008	0.07	0.05	0.04	0.40	0.24	d,j, ndi
			L415QS kapena X60QS	0.16	0.45	1.65	0.020	0.008	0.08	0.05	0.04	0.41	0.25	dj, k
			L450QS kapena X65QS	0.16	0.45	1.65	0.020	0.008	0.09	0.05	0.06	0.42	0.25	d,j, ndi
			L485QS kapena X70QS	0.16	0.45	1.65	0.020	0.008	0.09	0.05	0.06	0.42	0.25	d,j ,k

标准 Standard	钢管种类 Mtundu wa Chitoliro	等级 Kalasi	钢级 Gulu	C	Si	Mn	P	S	V	Nb	Ti	CEa	Pcm	备注 Ndemanga
标准 Standard	钢管种类 Mtundu wa Chitoliro	等级 Kalasi	钢级 Gulu	max	max	max	max	max	max	max	max	max	max	备注 Ndemanga
AP\|SPEC 5L ISO 3183 Mtengo wa GB/T9711	无缝管 SMLS	海上服役条件 Za kumtunda utumiki	L245NO kapena BNO	0.14	0.40	1.35	0.020	0.010			0.04	0.36	0.22	c,d,ine,m
			L290NO kapena X42NO	0.14	0.40	1.35	0.020	0.010	0.05	0.05	0.04	0.36	0.22	l,m
			L320NO kapena X46NO	0.14	0.40	1.40	0.020	0.010	0.07	0.05	0.04	0.38	0.23	d,ndi,m
			L360NO kapena X52NO	0.16	0.45	1.65	0.020	0.010	0.10	0.05	0.04	0.43	0.25	d,ndi
			L245QO kapena BQO	0.14	0.40	1.35	0.020	0.010	0.04	0.04	0.04	0.34	0.22	l,m
			L290QO kapena X42Q0	0.14	0.40	1.35	0.020	0.010	0.04	0.04	0.04	0.34	0.22	l,m
			L320QO kapena X46QO	0.15	0.45	1.40	0.020	0.010	0.05	0.05	0.04	0.36	0.23	l,m
			L360QO kapena X52QO	0.16	0.45	1.65	0.020	0.010	0.07	0.05	0.04	0.39	0.23	d,ine,n
			L390QO kapena X56Q0	0.15	0.45	1.65	0.020	0.010	0.07	0.05	0.04	0.40	0.24	d,ine,n
			L415QO kapena X60QO	0.15	0.45	1.65	0.020	0.010	0.08	0.05	0.04	0.41	0.25	d,ine,n
			L455QO kapena X65QO	0.15	0.45	1.65	0.020	0.010	0.09	0.05	0.06	0.42	0.25	d,ine,n
			L485Q0 kapena X70Q0	0.17	0.45	1.75	0.020	0.010	0.10	0.05	0.06	0.42	0.25	d,l,n
			L555QO kapena X80QO	0.17	0.45	1.85	0.020	0.010	0.10	0.06	0.06	Monga momwe anavomerezera		d,ine,n
	焊管 WELD	PSL1	L245 kapena B	0.26		1.20	0.030	0.030						cd, ndic
			L290 kapenaX42	0.26		1.30	0.030	0.030						d, ndi,o
			L320 kapena X46	0.26		1.40	0.030	0.030						d, e,o
			L360 kapena X52	0.26		1.40	0.030	0.030						d, ndi,o
			L390 kapenaX56	0.26		1.40	0.030	0.030						d, ndi,o
			L415 kapenaX60	0.26		1.40	0.030	0.030						d, ndi,o
			L450 kapena X65	0.26		1.45	0.030	0.030						d, ndi,o
			L485 kapena X70	0.26		1.65	0.030	0.030						d, ndi,o
		PSL2	1245M kapena BM	0.22	0.45	1.20	0.025	0.015	0.05	0.05	0.04	0.43	0.25	f,o
			L290M kapena X42M	0.22	0.45	1.30	0.025	0.015	0.05	0.05	0.04	0.43	0.25	f,o
			L320M kapena X46M	0.22	0.45	1.30	0.025	0.015	0.05	0.05	0.04	0.43	0.25	f,o
			L360M kapena X52M	0.22	0.45	1.40	0.025	0.015				0.43	0.25	d,f,o
			L390M kapena X56M	0.22	0.45	1.40	0.025	0.015				0.43	0.25	d,f,o
			L415M kapena X60M	0.12	0.45	1.60	0.025	0.015				0.43	0.25	d,g,o
			L450M kapena X65M	0.12	0.45	1.60	0.025	0.015				0.43	0.25	d,g,o
			L485M kapena X70M	0.12	0.45	1.70	0.025	0.015				0.43	0.25	d,g,o
			L555M kapena X80M	0.12	0.45	1.85	0.025	0.015				0.43	0.25	d,g,o

标准 Standard	钢管种类 Mtundu wa Chitoliro	等级 Kalasi	钢级 Gulu	C	Si	Mn	P	S	V	Nb	T	CEa	Pcm	备注 Ndemanga
标准 Standard	钢管种类 Mtundu wa Chitoliro	等级 Kalasi	钢级 Gulu	max	max	max	max	max	max	max	max	max	max	备注 Ndemanga
API SPEC 5L ISO 3183 Mtengo wa GB/T9711	焊管 WELD	酸性服役条件 Kwa wowawasa utumiki	L245MS kapena BMS	0.10	0.40	1.25	0.020	0.002	0.04	0.04	0.04		0.19	j ,k
			L290MS kapena X42MS	0.10	0.40	1.25	0.020	0.002	0.04	0.04	0.04		0.19	j ,k
			L320MS kapena X46MS	0.10	0.45	1.35	0.020	0.002	0.05	0.05	0.04		0.20	j ,k
			L360MS kapena X52MS	0.10	0.45	1.45	0.020	0.002	0.05	0.06	0.04		0.20	j ,k
			L390MS kapena X56MS	0.10	0.45	1.45	0.020	0.002	0.06	0.08	0.04		0.21	d,j, ndi
			L415MS kapena X60MS	0.10	0.45	1.45	0.020	0.002	0.08	0.08	0.06		0.21	d,j, ndi
			L450MS kapena X65MS	0.10	0.45	1.60	0.020	0.002	0.10	0.08	0.06		0.22	d,j, ndi
			L485MS kapena X70MS	0.10	0.45	1.60	0.020	0.002	0.10	0.08	0.06		0.22	dj, k
		海上服役条件 Za kumtunda utumiki	L245MO kapena BMO	0.12	0.40	1.25	0.020	0.010	0.04	0.04	0.04		0.19	l,m
			L290MO kapena X42MO	0.12	0.40	1.35	0.020	0.010	0.04	0.04	0.04		0.19	l,m
			L320MO kapena X46MO	0.12	0.45	1.35	0.020	0.010	0.05	0.05	0.04		0.20	ine, m
			L360MO kapena X52MO	0.12	0.45	1.65	0.020	0.010	0.05	0.05	0.04		0.20	d,ine,n
			L390MO kapena X56MO	0.12	0.45	1.65	0.020	0.010	0.06	0.08	0.04		0.21	d,l,n
			L415MO kapena X60MO	0.12	0.45	1.65	0.020	0.010	0.08	0.08	0.06		0.21	d,ine,n
			L450MO kapena X65MO	0.12	0.45	1.65	0.020	0.010	0.10	0.08	0.06		0.222	d,ine,n
			L485MO kapena X70MO	0.12	0.45	1.75	0.020	0.010	0.10	0.08	0.06		0.22	d,l,n
			L555MO kapena X80MO	0.12	0.45	1.85	0.020	0.010	0.10	0.08	0.06		0.24	d,ine,n

标准 Standard	等级 Kalasi	钢级 Gulu		屈服强度 Rt0.5(MPa) Zokolola Mphamvu	抗拉强度 Rm (MPa) Kulimba kwamakokedwe	延伸率 Af (%) Elongation	屈强比 Rt0.5/Rm	焊缝抗拉强度 Rm (MPa) Kulimba kwamakokedwe Zithunzi za Weld Seam
API SPEC 5L ISO 3183 Mtengo wa GB/T9711	PSL1	L210 kapena A	Min	210	335	a		335
		L245 kapena B	Min	245	415	a		415
		L290 kapena X42	Min	290	415	a		415
		L320 kapena X46	Min	320	435	a		435
		L360 kapena X52	Min	360	460	a		460
		L390 kapena X56	Min	390	490	a		490
		L415 kapena X60	Min	415	520	a		520
		L450 kapena X65	Min	450	535	a		535
		L485 kapena X70	Min	485	570	a		570
	PSL2	L245N kapena BN L245Q kapena BQ L245M kapena BM	Min	245	415	a		415
		L245N kapena BN L245Q kapena BQ L245M kapena BM	Max	450	655		0.93
		L290N kapena X42N L290Q kapena X42Q L290M kapena X42M	Min	290	415	a		415
		L290N kapena X42N L290Q kapena X42Q L290M kapena X42M	Max	495	655		0.93
		L320N kapena X46N L320Q kapena X46Q L320M kapena X46M	Min	320	435	a		435
		L320N kapena X46N L320Q kapena X46Q L320M kapena X46M	Max	525	655		0.93
		L360N kapena X52N L360Q kapena X52Q L360M kapena X52M	Min	360	460	a		460
		L360N kapena X52N L360Q kapena X52Q L360M kapena X52M	Max	530	760		0.93
		L390N kapena X56N L390Q kapena X56Q L390M kapena X56M	Min	390	490	a		490
		L390N kapena X56N L390Q kapena X56Q L390M kapena X56M	Max	545	760		0.93
		L415N kapena X60N L415Q kapena X60Q L415M kapena X60M	Min	415	520	a		520
		L415N kapena X60N L415Q kapena X60Q L415M kapena X60M	Max	565	760		0.93
		L450Q kapena X65Q L450M kapena X65M	Min	450	535	a		535
		L450Q kapena X65Q L450M kapena X65M	Max	600	760		0.93
		L485Q kapena X70Q L485M kapena X70M	Min	485	570	a		570
		L485Q kapena X70Q L485M kapena X70M	Max	635	760		0.93
		L555Q kapena X80Q L555M kapena X80M	Min	555	625	a		625
		L555Q kapena X80Q L555M kapena X80M	Max	705	825		0.93
		L625M kapena X90M	Min	625	695	a		695
		L625M kapena X90M	Max	775	915		0.95
		L690M kapena X100M	Min	690	760	a		760
		L690M kapena X100M	Max	840	990		0.97
		L830M kapena X120M	Min	830	915	a		915
		L830M kapena X120M	Max	1050	1145		0.99

标准 Standard	等级 Kalasi	钢级 Gulu		屈服强度 Rt0.5 (MPa) Zokolola Mphamvu	抗拉强度 Rm (MPa) Kulimba kwamakokedwe	延伸率 Af (%) Elongation	屈强比 Rt0.5/Rm	焊缝抗拉强度 Rm (MPa) Kulimba kwamakokedwe Zithunzi za Weld Seam
API SPEC 5L ISO 3183 Mtengo wa GB/T9711	酸性服役条件 Kwa wowawasa utumiki	L245NS kapena BNS L245QS kapena BQS L245MS kapena BMS	Min	245	415	a		415
		L245NS kapena BNS L245QS kapena BQS L245MS kapena BMS	Max	450	655		0.93
		L290NS kapena X42NS L290QS kapena X42QS L290MS kapena X42MS	Min	290	415	a		415
		L290NS kapena X42NS L290QS kapena X42QS L290MS kapena X42MS	Max	495	655		0.93
		L320NS kapena X46NS L320QS kapena X46QS L320MS kapena X46MS	Min	320	435	a		435
		L320NS kapena X46NS L320QS kapena X46QS L320MS kapena X46MS	Max	525	655		0.93
		L360NS kapena X52NS L360QS kapena X52QS L360MS kapena X52MS	Min	360	460	a		460
		L360NS kapena X52NS L360QS kapena X52QS L360MS kapena X52MS	Max	530	760		0.93
		L390QS kapena X56QS L390MS kapena X56MS	Min	390	490	a		490
		L390QS kapena X56QS L390MS kapena X56MS	Max	545	760		0.93
		L415QS kapena X60QS L415MS kapena X60MS	Min	415	520	a		520
		L415QS kapena X60QS L415MS kapena X60MS	Max	565	760		0.93
		L450QS kapena X65QS L450MS kapena X65MS	Min	450	535	a		535
		L450QS kapena X65QS L450MS kapena X65MS	Max	600	760		0.93
		L485QS kapena X70QS L485MS kapena X70MS	Min	485	570	a		570
		L485QS kapena X70QS L485MS kapena X70MS	Max	635	760		0.93
	海上服役条件 Za kumtunda utumiki	L245NO kapena BNO L245QO kapena BQO L245MO kapena BMO	Min	245	415	a	-	415
		L245NO kapena BNO L245QO kapena BQO L245MO kapena BMO	Max	450	655		0.93
		L290NO kapena X42NO L290Q0 kapena X42Q0 L290MO kapena X42MO	Min	290	415	a		415
		L290NO kapena X42NO L290Q0 kapena X42Q0 L290MO kapena X42MO	Max	495	655		0.93
		L320NO kapena X46NO L320QO kapena X46QO L320MO kapena X46MO	Min	320	435	a		435
		L320NO kapena X46NO L320QO kapena X46QO L320MO kapena X46MO	Max	520	655		0.93
		L360NO kapena X52NO L360QO kapena X52QO L360MO kapena X52MO	Min	360	460	a		460
		L360NO kapena X52NO L360QO kapena X52QO L360MO kapena X52MO	Max	525	760		0.93
		L390QO kapena X56QO L390MO kapena X56MO	Min	390	490	a		490
		L390QO kapena X56QO L390MO kapena X56MO	Max	540	760		0.93
		L415QO kapena X60QO L415MO kapena X60MO	Min	415	520	a	-	520
		L415QO kapena X60QO L415MO kapena X60MO	Max	565	760		0.93
		L450QO kapena X65QO L450MO kapena X65MO	Min	450	535	a	-	535
		L450QO kapena X65QO L450MO kapena X65MO	Max	570	760		0.93
		L485Q0 kapena X70Q0 L485MO kapena X70MO	Min	485	570	a		570
		L485Q0 kapena X70Q0 L485MO kapena X70MO	Max	605	760		0.93
		L555QO kapena X80QO L555MO kapena X80MO	Min	555	625	a		625
		L555QO kapena X80QO L555MO kapena X80MO	Max	675	825		0.93

Chidziwitso: a: Kutalikitsa kocheperako pogwiritsa ntchito equation iyi: A1=1940*A0.2/U0.9

钢级 Gulu	管体最小横向冲击功(1(2)(3) Transverse Minimum Impact of Pipe Body (J)					焊缝最小横向冲击功(1(2(3) Transverse Minimum Impact of Weld (J)
钢级 Gulu	D≤508	508mm <D ≤762 mm	762mm <D ≤914 mm	914mm <D ≤1219 mm	1219mm <D ≤1422 mm	D <1422mm	D = 1422mm
≤L415 kapena X60	27 (20)	27 (20)	40 (30)	40 (30)	40 (30)	27 (20)	40 (30)
> L415 kapena X60 ≤L450 kapena X65	27 (20)	27 (20)	40 (30)	40 (30)	54 (40)	27 (20)	40 (30)
> L450 kapena X65 ≤L485 kapena X70	27 (20)	27 (20)	40 (30)	40 (30)	54 (40)	27 (20)	40 (30)
> L485 kapena X70 ≤L555 kapena X80	40 (30)	40 (30)	40 (30)	40 (30)	54 (40)	27 (20)	40 (30)

Zindikirani: (1) Miyezo yomwe ili patebulo ikuyenera kukhala yofananira ndi kukula kwathunthu.
(2) Mtengo wamkati mwa bulaketi ndi mtengo umodzi wocheperako, bulaketi yakunja ndi mtengo wapakati.
(3) Kutentha kwa mayeso: 0°C.

Miyezo Yoyesera:

Mapaipi a API 5L opangidwa ndi Womic Steel amayesedwa mwamphamvu kuti atsimikizire kuti akukwaniritsa miyezo yapamwamba kwambiri.Miyezo yoyesera ikuphatikiza:

Chemical Analysis:
Kapangidwe kake kachitsulo kachitsulo kumawunikidwa kuti atsimikizire kuti akukwaniritsa zofunikira za API 5L.
Kusanthula kwamankhwala kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito spectrometer yowerengera molunjika kuti mudziwe bwino zomwe zidapangidwa ndi chitsulo.

Kuyesa Kwamakina:
Zida zamakina monga kulimba kwa zokolola, kulimba kwamphamvu, komanso kutalika kwake zimayesedwa kuti zitsimikizire kuti zikukwaniritsa zofunikira.
Kuyesa kwamakina kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito makina oyesa matani 60 kuti athe kuyeza mphamvu ndi ductility ya chitsulocho.

Kuyeza kwa Hydrostatic:
Kuyezetsa kwa Hydrostatic kumachitika kuti awone kukhulupirika kwa chitoliro ndikuwonetsetsa kuti chingathe kupirira zovuta zomwe akufuna.
Mipope imadzazidwa ndi madzi ndikukakamizidwa, ndi nthawi yoyezetsa ndi milingo ya kupanikizika yofotokozedwa ndi miyezo ya API 5L.

Kuyesa Kopanda Kuwononga (NDT):
Njira za NDT monga kuyesa kwa ultrasonic (UT) ndi kuyesa kwa maginito (MT) kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti azindikire zolakwika zilizonse kapena kutha kwa chitoliro.
UT imagwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikira zolakwika zamkati, pomwe MT imagwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikira zolakwika zapamtunda.

Kuyesa Kwamphamvu:
Kuyesa kwamphamvu kumachitika kuti awone kulimba kwachitsulo pa kutentha kochepa.
Kuyesa kwa Charpy kumagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri kuyeza mphamvu zomwe zimatengedwa ndi chitsulo.

Kuyesa Kulimba:
Kuyezetsa kuuma kumachitidwa pofuna kuyesa kuuma kwa chitsulo, zomwe zingasonyeze mphamvu zake ndi kuyenerera kwa ntchito zinazake.
Mayeso a Rockwell hardness nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyeza kuuma kwachitsulo.
Kuwunika kwa Microstructure:
Kuwunika kwa Microstructure kumachitika kuti awone momwe chitsulocho chilili komanso mtundu wonse wazitsulo.
Maikulosikopu ya metallurgical imagwiritsidwa ntchito poyang'ana microstructure yachitsulo ndikuzindikira zolakwika zilizonse.

Potsatira miyezo yoyesera iyi, Womic Steel imawonetsetsa kuti mapaipi ake a API 5L amakwaniritsa zofunikira kwambiri komanso amapereka magwiridwe antchito odalirika pamafakitale osiyanasiyana.

Ndondomeko Yopanga:

1. Mipope Yachitsulo Yopanda Msoko:
- Kusankhidwa Kwazinthu Zopangira: Mabilu achitsulo ozungulira amasankhidwa kuti apange mapaipi opanda zitsulo.
- Kutenthetsa ndi kuboola: Mabilu amatenthedwa mpaka kutentha kwambiri kenako amaboola kuti apange chipolopolo chopanda kanthu.
- Kugudubuzika ndi Kukula: Chipolopolo cholaswa chimakulungidwa ndikuchitambasulidwa mpaka m'mimba mwake ndi makulidwe omwe mukufuna.
- Chithandizo cha Kutentha: Mapaipi amathandizidwa ndi njira zochizira kutentha monga kutsekereza kapena kukhazikika kuti apititse patsogolo makina awo.
- Kumaliza: Mapaipi amatsirizidwa monga kuwongola, kudula, ndi kuyang'anitsitsa.
- Kuyesa: Mapaipi amayesedwa mosiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza kuyezetsa kwa hydrostatic, kuyesa kwa ultrasonic, ndi kuyesa kwa eddy pano, kuti atsimikizire mtundu wawo.
- Chithandizo cha Pamwamba: Mapaipi amatha kuphimbidwa kapena kuthandizidwa kuti apewe dzimbiri komanso kuti aziwoneka bwino.
- Kupaka ndi Kutumiza: Mapaipi amapakidwa mosamala ndikutumizidwa kwa makasitomala.

2. LSAW (Longitudinal Submerged Arc Welding) Mapaipi Achitsulo:
- Kukonzekera Kwambale: Ma mbale azitsulo apamwamba amakonzedwa kuti apange mapaipi a LSAW.
- Kupanga: Mambale amapangidwa kukhala mawonekedwe a "U" pogwiritsa ntchito makina opindika.
- Kuwotcherera: Mambale owoneka ngati "U" amawokeredwa pamodzi pogwiritsa ntchito kuwotcherera kwa arc pansi pamadzi.
- Kukula: Msoko wowotcherera umakulitsidwa mpaka m'mimba mwake yomwe mukufuna pogwiritsa ntchito makina okulitsa amkati kapena akunja.
- Kuyang'anira: Mapaipi amawunikiridwa kuti awone zolakwika ndi kulondola kwake.
- Akupanga Kuyesa: Mipope imayesedwa ndi akupanga kuti azindikire zolakwika zilizonse zamkati.
- Beveling: Malekezero a chitoliro amapindika kuti awotcherera.
- Kupaka ndi Kuyika Chizindikiro: Mapaipi amatha kuphimbidwa ndikuyika chizindikiro malinga ndi zomwe makasitomala amafuna.
- Kupaka ndi Kutumiza: Mapaipi amapakidwa ndikutumizidwa kwa makasitomala.

3. HFW (High-Frequency Welding) Mapaipi Achitsulo:
- Kukonzekera kwa Coil: Makoyilo achitsulo amakonzedwa kuti apange mapaipi a HFW.
- Kupanga ndi kuwotcherera: Makoyilo amapangidwa kukhala cylindrical mawonekedwe kenaka amawotcherera pogwiritsa ntchito kuwotcherera kwanthawi yayitali.
- Kutentha kwa Weld Seam: Msoko wowotcherera umatenthedwa ndi kutentha kwa ma weld pogwiritsa ntchito kutentha kwapang'onopang'ono.
- Kukula: Chitoliro chowotchereracho chimakhala ndi mainchesi ofunikira komanso makulidwe.
- Kudula ndi Beveling: Chitolirocho chimadulidwa mpaka utali womwe ukufunidwa ndipo malekezero ake amapindika kuti awotcherera.
- Kuyang'anira: Mapaipi amawunikiridwa kuti awone zolakwika ndi kulondola kwake.
- Kuyesa kwa Hydrostatic: Mapaipi amayesedwa mphamvu ndi kutayikira pogwiritsa ntchito kuyesa kwa hydrostatic.
- Kupaka ndi Kuyika Chizindikiro: Mipopeyo imakutidwa ndikuyika chizindikiro malinga ndi zomwe makasitomala amafuna.
- Kupaka ndi Kutumiza: Mapaipi amapakidwa ndikutumizidwa kwa makasitomala.

Njira zopangira izi zimatsimikizira kudalirika komanso kudalirika kwa mapaipi achitsulo opanda msoko, LSAW, ndi HFW opangidwa ndi Womic Steel, kukwaniritsa zofunikira zamafakitale osiyanasiyana.

Chithandizo cha Pamwamba:

Chithandizo chapamwamba cha chitsulo cha pipeline n'chofunika kwambiri kuti chiteteze ku dzimbiri komanso moyo wautumiki.Womic Steel imagwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana zochizira pamwamba zimatengera zofunikira zosiyanasiyana kuchokera kwa makasitomala, kuphatikiza:
1. Kuthira madzi otentha: Chitoliro chachitsulo chimamizidwa mu zinki yosungunuka kupanga chinsalu chotetezera cha zinc-iron, kumapangitsa kuti zisawonongeke.Hot dip galvanizing ndi oyenera mapaipi ochiritsira komanso otsika kwambiri.
2. Anti-corrosion zokutira: Zovala zotsutsana ndi zowonongeka zimaphatikizapo zokutira za epoxy, zokutira za polyethylene, ndi zokutira za polyurethane.Zopaka izi zimalepheretsa makutidwe ndi okosijeni ndi dzimbiri pamwamba pa chitoliro chachitsulo, kukulitsa moyo wake wautumiki.
3. Kuphulika kwa mchenga: Kuphulika kothamanga kwambiri kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyeretsa chitoliro chachitsulo, kuchotsa dzimbiri ndi zonyansa kuchokera pamwamba, kupereka maziko abwino a mankhwala opaka pambuyo pake.
4. Chithandizo cha Kupaka: Pamwamba pa chitoliro chachitsulo chikhoza kupakidwa utoto woletsa dzimbiri, utoto wa phula, ndi zokutira zina kuti zisachite dzimbiri, zoyenerera mapaipi apansi panthaka ndi mapaipi m'malo am'madzi.

Njira zochizira pamwambazi zimateteza bwino zitsulo zapaipi kuti zisawonongeke ndi kuwonongeka, kuonetsetsa kuti ndizodalirika komanso zolimba m'malo osiyanasiyana ovuta.

Kuyika ndi Mayendedwe:

Womic Steel imatsimikizira kuyika kotetezeka komanso kuyenda kodalirika kwazitsulo zamapaipi, kupereka zosankha zosinthika kuti zikwaniritse zosowa zosiyanasiyana zamakasitomala:

1. Bulk Cargo: Pazinthu zazikulu, zitsulo zamapaipi zimatha kutumizidwa zambiri pogwiritsa ntchito zonyamulira zapadera.Chitsulocho chimanyamulidwa mwachindunji mu sitima yapamadzi popanda kuyikapo, yoyenera kunyamula katundu wokwera mtengo kwambiri.
2. LCL (Pass than Container Load): Kwa maulamuliro ang'onoang'ono, zitsulo zamapaipi zimatha kutumizidwa ngati katundu wa LCL, kumene maulamuliro ang'onoang'ono angapo amaphatikizidwa mu chidebe chimodzi.Njirayi ndiyotsika mtengo pazing'ono zing'onozing'ono ndipo imapereka ndandanda yosinthira yoperekera.
3. FCL (Full Container Load): Makasitomala amatha kusankha kutumiza kwa FCL, komwe chidebe chonse chimaperekedwa ku dongosolo lawo.Njirayi imapereka nthawi yofulumira komanso imachepetsa chiopsezo cha kuwonongeka panthawi yogwira.
4. Kunyamula Mndege: Pamaulamuliro achangu, zonyamula ndege zimapezeka kuti ziperekedwe mwachangu.Ngakhale kuti ndizokwera mtengo kuposa zonyamula panyanja, zonyamula ndege zimapereka zoyendera zachangu komanso zodalirika zotumiza zomwe zimatenga nthawi yayitali.

Womic Steel imawonetsetsa kuti zotumiza zonse zapakidwa bwino kuti zisawonongeke panthawi yamayendedwe.Chitsulocho nthawi zambiri chimakulungidwa ndi zida zodzitchinjiriza ndipo chimasungidwa m'mitsuko kapena pamapallet kuti zitsimikizire kukhazikika pakadutsa.Kuphatikiza apo, kampaniyo imagwira ntchito limodzi ndi othandizana nawo odziwika bwino otumiza katundu kuti awonetsetse kutumiza munthawi yake komanso kuyang'anira zinthu moyenera.

Kagwiritsidwe Ntchito:

Mapaipi a mzere wa API 5L opangidwa ndi Womic Steel amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale amafuta ndi gasi potengera mafuta, gasi, ndi madzi ena.Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito m'mafakitale ena osiyanasiyana monga kukonza mankhwala, kupanga magetsi, ndi zomangamanga.

Pomaliza:

Womic Steel ndi opanga odalirika a mapaipi a mzere wa API 5L, omwe amapereka zinthu zapamwamba kwambiri zomwe zimakwaniritsa zofunikira zamafakitale amafuta ndi gasi.Poyang'ana kwambiri zamtundu, kudalirika, komanso kukhutitsidwa kwamakasitomala, Womic Steel ikupitilizabe kukhala chisankho chomwe makasitomala amakonda padziko lonse lapansi.

Nthawi yotumiza: Mar-22-2024

API 5L Line Pipe: A Comprehensive Guide to Chemical Composition and Performance