Mapaipi a Octgamagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pobowola Mafuta ndi zitsime zamagesi ndikunyamula mafuta ndi mpweya. Zimaphatikizanso mapaipi amafuta, zojambula zamafuta, ndi mapaipi mafuta mafuta.Mapaipi a Octgzimagwiritsidwa ntchito polumikiza kubowola ndikubowola ndikutumiza mphamvu zobowola.Petroleum casmation imagwiritsidwa ntchito pothandizira bwino nthawi yobowola ndipo mukamaliza kugwiritsa ntchito bwino mafuta onse pobowola ndipo mukamaliza. Mafuta ndi mafuta pansi pa mafuta bwino zimayendetsedwa makamaka pansi ndi mafuta kupondaponda chubu.
Kupaka mafuta ndi njira yochitira zinthu zitsime zamafuta. Chifukwa cha mikhalidwe yosiyanasiyana ya zigawo, kupsinjika kumachitika mobisa ndizovuta, ndipo zimaphatikizika, ndikugwedezeka, komanso nkhawa zam'matumbo pazinthu zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zofunikira kwambiri. Kamodzi kuti kudzipereka kwafota kumawonongeka pazifukwa zina, zingayambitse kuchepetsedwa kapena kugwetsa chitsime chonse.
Malinga ndi mphamvu ya mbedza yokhayo, yomwe ingathe kugawidwa m'masukulu osiyanasiyana, ndi j55, k50, L80, T910, q125, v155, v155, ndi zina zowonjezera. M'malo ophukira, zimafunikiranso kuti kudzikuza kwanu kumatsutsana. M'madera omwe ali ndi zovuta zam'mulungu, zimafunikiranso kuti ntchitoyo ili ndi magwiridwe a antior.
I.Kupereka chitoliro cha Chithandizo
1, mawu apadera okhudzana ndi ma petroleum Pipe
API: Ndiye chidule cha American Petroleum Institute.
Occle: Ndiye chidule cha mafuta amtundu wamafuta, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mafuta okwanira mafuta, kuphatikizapo mafuta omalizidwa, chitoliro chobowola, zowombera, zolumikizira, zolumikizana, zolumikizira, zolumikizira, zolumikizana zazifupi ndi zina zambiri.
Mafuta a Mafuta: Tubing omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazitsime zamafuta am'madzi am'madzi am'madzi opangira mafuta, kuchotsera kwa gasi, jakisoni wamadzi ndi asidi.
Kusokera: Tubing yomwe imatsitsidwa padziko lapansi kukhala yolumikizika ngati yolumikizira kuwonongeka kwa khoma labwino.
Chitoliro chobowola: chitoliro chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pobowola.
Chitoliro cha mzere: chitoliro chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kunyamula mafuta kapena gasi.
Mabwalo: Ma CYLInders ankakonda kulumikiza mapaipi awiri opindika ndi ulusi wamkati.
Zithunzi Zophatikiza: Chitoliro chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga.
API ulusi wa API: Zithunzi zojambula za API 5B, kuphatikiza zingwe zazitali zozungulira, kuphatikiza ulusi waufupi, kupindika zingwe zozungulira, zipika zopindika mzere ndi zina zotero.
Chovala Chapadera: Masamba osakhala a API okhala ndi zopindika zapadera, kulumikizana ndi zina.
Kulephera: kuwonongeka, kuwonongeka, kuwonongeka kwapamwamba ndi kutayika kwa ntchito yoyambirira muutumiki. Mitundu yayikulu ya kulephera kwa mafuta ndi: Kutalika, kutsika, kukwiya, kuthira, kutukira, kugwiriridwa, kuvala ndi zina zotero.
2, Miyezo Yogwirizana Yokhudzana ndi Petroleum
API 5ct: Kupanga ndi kutanthauzira (pakadali pano mtundu waposachedwa wa 8)
API 5D: Kulemba kwa Makulidwe (mtundu waposachedwa wa 5-Edition)
API 5l: Chithunzithunzi chachitsulo chosindikizira (mtundu waposachedwa wa 44th Edition)
API 5B: kufotokozera kwa makina, kuyeza ndi kuyang'ana kwa cape, chitoliro cha mafuta ndi chingwe cha chitoliro
GB / T 9711.1-1997: Mikhalidwe yaukadaulo yoperekera mapaipi a chitsulo
GB / T9711.2-1999: Mikhalidwe yaukadaulo yoperekera zitsulo zoyendetsera mafuta a mafuta ndi mpweya gawo lachiwiri: grass b zipilala
GB / T9711.3-2005: Mikhalidwe yaukadaulo yoperekera zitsulo zoyendetsera mafuta a petroleum ndi zachilengedwe gawo 3: kalasi C SIPEL
Ⅱ. Chitoliro chamafuta
1. Gulu la mapaipi amafuta
Mapaipi amafuta amagawidwa kuti asakhumudwe (nu) mabisi, kukhumudwa kwakunja (EU) HUBING, ndi kuphatikiza kuphatikizika. Ma tubes osakwiya amatanthauza chipika cha chitoliro chomwe chimakhazikika popanda kuthira ndikuphatikizidwa ndi kulumikizana. Kulumbira kwakunja kumatanthauza chitoliro ziwiri kumapeto komwe kwakhala kukuumitsidwa kunja, kenako kumangidwe ndikukhazikika ndi ma clamp. Zophatikizira zolumikizira zimatanthawuza chitoliro chomwe chimalumikizidwa mwachindunji popanda kulumikiza, ndi malekezero amodzi omwe amakulungidwa kudzera mu ulusi wakunja ndi malekezero ena omwe adatsitsidwa ndi ulusi wamkati wamkati.
2.
- Kudulidwa kwa mafuta ndi gasi: Zitsime zamafuta ndi magesi zikauma ndipo zimayikidwa mu mafuta kuti zichotse mafuta ndi mpweya pansi.
- Ikani jakisoni wamadzi: Kupsinjika kwadzukwako sikokwanira, kutsanulira madzi pachitsime kudutsa tubing.
-, jakisoni wa Steam: Pakusintha kwamafuta am'mimba, nthunzi iyenera kuyika pachitsime ndi mapaipi a mafuta.
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3.Kugawa kalasi ya chitoliro chamafuta
Makulidwe a chitsulo cha zitoliro ndi awa: h40, j55, n80, L80, T95, P110.
N80 yagawidwa mu n80-1 ndi N80Q, awiriwo ndi omwe ali ndi vuto limodzi ndi kutsika kwamphamvu kwambiri. N80Q iyenera kukwiya (kukhazikika ndikutenthetsa mankhwala othandizira, ntchito yokhudza kusintha iyenera kukhala yogwirizana ndi zomwe API 5ct, ndipo ziyenera kukhala zoyeserera zowononga.
L80 imagawidwa mu L80-1, L80-9CR ndi L80-13CR. Makina awo ndi mawonekedwe operekera ndi omwewo. Kusiyana pakugwiritsa ntchito, kupanga zovuta ndi mtengo, l80-1 kwa mitundu yonse, l80-13cr ndi ovutikira kwambiri, okwera mtengo, okwera mtengo, nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zitsime zamvula.
C90 ndi T95 yagawika mu mtundu 1 ndi lemba 2, ndiye kuti, C90-2, C90-2, T95-2.
4.
Mndandanda wa Steel kalasi
J55 chitoliro chamafuta 37mn5 chitoliro chamagetsi: otentha owombera m'malo mongosintha
Chitoliro cha mafuta odzaza: kutalika kwathunthu pambuyo poti.
N80-1 tub
Chitoliro cha mafuta okhazikika: kutalika kwathunthu pambuyo poti
N80-Q Mafuta a Mafuta a N8MN5 ALIYENSE
L80-1 Mafuta Mafuta 30mpor5 Kutalika Kwambiri
P110 PIP pa 25crmnmo kwathunthu
J55 Compling 37mn5 Hot in-Countrilization
N80 Complib 28mntib kwathunthu
L80-1 Commelib 28mntib kwathunthu
P110 maves 25crmnmo kwathunthu kutalika
Ⅲ. Kusalola
1, kugawa ndi gawo lopaka
Kuyika ndi chitoliro chachitsulo chomwe chimathandizira khoma la mafuta ndi masitolo. Zigawo zingapo za carse zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu chitsime chilichonse malinga ndi mabowo osiyanasiyana obowola. Simenti imagwiritsidwa ntchito kukhazikika pambuyo pake imatsitsidwa pachitsime, ndipo mosiyana ndi chitoliro chamafuta ndi chitoliro chokha, sichingagwiritsidwe ntchito ndipo sichingagwiridwe ntchito ndikukhala m'zinthu zotayika. Chifukwa chake, kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa maakaunti oposa 70% ya mafuta onse bwino. Kusokera kumatha kugawanika mu: Kondani, apakati paukadaulo, kupaka ntchito kwaukadaulo ndi kusintha kwa mafuta malinga ndi momwe amagwiritsidwira ntchito, komanso zojambula zawo pazitsime za mafuta zikuwonetsedwa patsamba ili pansipa.
2.Conductor
Makamaka zogwiritsidwa ntchito pobowola munyanja ndi kunyanja kuti zitsimikizike madzi osalala agalu a 2.
Patulani Pamaso: Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka kubowola koyamba, ndikutsegula gawo la strata yogona, kuti musindikize gawo ili la strata yotuluka, imayenera kusindikizidwa ndi nthaka. Kuzindikira kwakukulu kwa Paso: 508mm (20in), 406.4mm (339.73m (33,5 / 8inm (2-5), 9-52m (2-5), 9 Kuzama kwa chitoliro chochepa chimatengera kuzama kwa stratom, komwe nthawi zambiri amakhala 80 ~ 1500 m. Kupsinjika kwake kwakunja komanso kwamkati sikwachikulu, ndipo nthawi zambiri amatengera K55 Steel Grass kapena N80 SIEL.
3.Technical
Ntchito yaukadaulo imagwiritsidwa ntchito pobowola mapangidwe ovuta. Mukakumana ndi zigawo zovuta monga kusanjikiza, mafuta, mafuta, madzi osanjikiza, ndi zina, ndikofunikira kuti kubowola kwapa, kapena kubowola kwa mabowo sikutheka. Zitsime zina ndi zovuta kwambiri komanso zovuta, komanso kuya kwa chitsime chamitundu ikuluikulu, makina ake ndi ochulukirapo monga v150. Kutumiza kwakukulu kwa ntchito yaukadaulo ndi: 339.73
4.. Mafuta a mafuta
Chitsime chikatayidwa kupita komwe mukupita (chosanjikiza chomwe chili ndi mafuta ndi mpweya), ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta kuti zisindikize mafuta ndi strade, ndipo mkati mwa mafuta omwe ali ndi mafuta. Oil casing in all types of casing in the deepest well depth, its mechanical properties and sealing performance requirements are also the highest, the use of steel grade K55, N80, P110, Q125, V150 and so on. Maudindo Akuluakulu a Mapangidwe ndi: 177.8mm (7in), 168.28mm (6-5), 5-5m (5-5m), magwiridwe a 5-1nm (5-5m),
V.drill chitoliro
1, gulu ndi gawo la chitoliro chobowola
Chitoliro chokwera kwambiri, chitoliro chobowola, chitoliro chowala chopenda ndikuwola kolala pamanja kupanga chitoliro chobowola. Chitoliro chobowola ndicho chida chobowola chobowola pang'ono kuchokera pansi mpaka pansi pa chitsime, ndipo ndi njira kuchokera pansi mpaka pansi pa chitsime. Ili ndi maudindo atatu akulu: ② Kudalira chifukwa cha kulemera kwake kuti mugwire ntchito pang'ono pobowola mwala pansi pa chitsime; ③ Kupereka chitsime chamasamba, ndiko kuti, matope okumba pansi pamipaki yamatope okwera, ndikunyamula zinyalala pang'ono kuti zitheke. Chitoliro chobowola polimbana ndi zovuta zosiyanasiyana zosinthana ndi katundu, monga tunsile, kuphatikizika, kuwerama, kuwerama, mawonekedwe ena amtundu wa matope ndi kututa.
. Zolemba zake ndi: 63.5mm (2-1 / 2in), 88.9mm (3-1 / 2in), 133.95mm (4-1 / 4inm (wazaka 13), 152.4mm (62m) ndi zina zambiri. Nthawi zambiri kutalika kogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi 12 ~ 14.5m.
. Zolemba zomwe zimakundaponda ndizo:
. Kuzindikira kwakukulu kwa chitoliro chowala ndi 88.9mm (3-1 / 2in) ndi 127mm (5in).
. The common specifications of drill collar are: 158.75mm (6-1/4in), 177.85mm (7in), 203.2mm (8in), 228.6mm (9in) and so on.
V. chitoliro cha mzere
1, gulu la chitoliro cha mzere
Chitsimba cha mzere chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu malonda amafuta ndi gasi poyendetsa mafuta, mafuta oyengedwa, mpweya wachilengedwe ndi mapaipi amadzi omwe ali ndi chitoliro chachitsulo chochepa. Kuyendetsa Mapaipi a mafuta ndi mafuta kumagawidwa pa bomba lalikulu, nthambi yanthambi ndi gawo lalikulu la mapaipi a 10 ~ 25mm, chisanu, chitsulo cha X42 ~ X80; Nthambi Papaiperine ndi Mapaipi a Urban Paipeline of # 114 ~ mabatani, 20mm, chitsulo cha 642 ~ x80. Zizindikiro zokhala ndi zipilala zodyetsa mapaipi ndi am'mizinda ndi 114-700mm, khoma makulidwe 6-20mm, chitsulo chakale x42-x80.
Chitoliro cha mzere uzitcha chitoliro chachitsulo, nawonso ali ndi chitoliro chaching'ono chachitsulo, chitoliro chachitsulo chotentha chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuposa chitoliro chachitsulo chosawoneka.
2, mzere wa chindapusa
Mzere Wachikuwa ndi API 5L "Zithunzi Zithunzi Zithunzi" chitoliro chachitsulo: chitoliro chachitsulo ". Chitoliro chachitsulo ", miyezo iwiri iyi ndi yofanana ndi API 5l, ogwiritsa ntchito nyumba amafunikira kupezeka kwa mitundu iwiriyi.
3, za psl1 ndi psl2
Psl ndiye chidule cha mtundu wofanizira wa malonda. Mlingo wa chipika cha chipika umagawidwa ku PSl1 ndi psl2, amathanso kunena kuti mulingo womwe umagawidwa ku ps1 ndi psl2. PSL1 ndiyokwera kuposa PSL2, kuchuluka kwa mawu a 2 sikuti ndi zofunika mayeso osiyana, ndipo zofunikira zamakina ndizosiyana, komanso zizindikiro zophatikizika, ndiye kuti, psl1 kapena psl1.
PSL2 mu kapangidwe ka mankhwala, kuchepa kwa thupi, mphamvu yamavuto, kuyesedwa kowononga ndi zizindikiro zina zimakhala zokhazikika kuposa PSL1.
4, mapaipi mapaipi achitsulo ndi kapangidwe ka mankhwala
Chipambulu chaching'ono chachitsulo kuchokera pansi mpaka okwera amagawidwa: A25, a, a, x42, x40, x60 ndi x80 ndi x80.
5, mzere chitoliro cha madzi ndi zofuna zosawonongeka
Chitumbu cha mzere uyenera kuchitika nthambi ya hydraulic kuyesedwa kwa nthambi, ndipo muyezo salola kuti m'badwo wopanda mphamvu wa hydraulic, womwe umakhalanso pakati pa miyezo ya API ndi miyezo yathu.
PSL1 siyifuna kuyesa kwachilengedwe, PSL2 ikuyenera kukhala nthambi yoyesa yoyesa ndi nthambi.
VI.prendeum
1, Kuyambitsa kulumikizana kwa premium
Manganika apadera ndi osiyana ndi ulusi wa API wokhala ndi ulusi wapadera wa ulusi. Ngakhale magetsi omwe ali ndi mafuta omwe alipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri chifukwa cha kuperewera kwa mafuta bwino, zophophonya zimawonetsedwa bwino m'minda yamafuta: API yolumikizidwa ndi trapezoidal pomwepo, magwiridwe antchito am'mimba amafanana ndi mphamvu ya chitoliro cha chitoliro, chomwe sichingagwiritsidwe ntchito mu zitsime zozama; API yolumikizidwa ndi trapezoidal pomwepo, magwiridwe ake akuwoneka siabwino. Ngakhale magwiridwe antchito amtunduwu ndi okwera kwambiri kuposa cholumikizira cha Api mozungulira, mawonekedwe ake osakhazikika siabwino, motero sichingagwiritsidwe ntchito pakugwiritsa ntchito zitsime zapamwamba; Kuphatikiza apo, mafuta opindika amatha kusewera gawo lake mu chilengedwe ndi kutentha pansi pa 95 ℃, chifukwa chake sungathe kugwiritsidwa ntchito podyera zitsime za kutentha kwambiri.
Poyerekeza ndi ulusi wozungulira wa API ndi Trapezoidal Bpengoidal Clung, kulumikizidwa kwa Premium kwapangitsa kupita patsogolo pazinthu zotsatirazi:
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Pakadali pano, dziko lakhala ndi malumikizidwe oposa 100 omwe ali ndi pulonoloji.
Post Nthawi: Feb-21-2024