Kusiyana pakati pa carbon steel ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri

Chitsulo cha Carbon

Chitsulo chomwe mawotchi ake amapangidwa amadalira kwambiri mpweya wa chitsulo muzitsulo ndipo palibe zinthu zofunika kwambiri zomwe zimawonjezeredwa, zomwe nthawi zina zimatchedwa plain carbon kapena carbon steel.

Chitsulo cha kaboni, chomwe chimatchedwanso chitsulo cha kaboni, chimatanthawuza ma aloyi a iron-carbon okhala ndi mpweya wochepera 2% wa WC.

Chitsulo cha carbon nthawi zambiri chimakhala ndi silicon, manganese, sulfure ndi phosphorous pang'ono kuwonjezera pa carbon.

Malinga ndi ntchito mpweya zitsulo akhoza kugawidwa m'magulu atatu a carbon structural zitsulo, mpweya chida zitsulo ndi ufulu kudula zitsulo structural, mpweya structural zitsulo lagawidwa mitundu iwiri ya structural zitsulo zomanga ndi makina yomanga;

Malinga ndi smelting njira akhoza kugawidwa mu lathyathyathya ng'anjo zitsulo, Converter zitsulo ndi zitsulo ng'anjo magetsi;

Malinga ndi njira deoxidation akhoza kugawidwa mu otentha zitsulo (F), amakhala chete zitsulo (Z), theka-amangokhala zitsulo (b) ndi wapadera amakhala zitsulo (TZ);

Malinga ndi carbon zili carbon zitsulo akhoza kugawidwa mu otsika mpweya zitsulo (WC ≤ 0,25%), sing'anga mpweya zitsulo (WC0.25% -0.6%) ndi mkulu mpweya zitsulo (WC> 0,6%);

Malinga ndi phosphorous, sulfure zili carbon zitsulo akhoza kugawidwa mu wamba mpweya zitsulo (muna phosphorous, sulfure apamwamba), apamwamba mpweya zitsulo (muli phosphorous, sulfure m'munsi) ndi apamwamba zitsulo (munali phosphorous, sulfure m'munsi) ndi chitsulo chamtengo wapatali chapadera.

Kukwera kwa carbon mu zitsulo zonse za carbon, kumapangitsanso kuuma, kumapangitsanso mphamvu, koma kutsika kwa pulasitiki.

Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri

Chitsulo chosapanga asidi chosapanga dzimbiri chimatchedwa chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, chomwe chimapangidwa ndi zigawo ziwiri zazikulu: chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri ndi chitsulo chosapanga asidi.Mwachidule, chitsulo chomwe chimatha kukana kutentha kwa mumlengalenga chimatchedwa chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, pomwe chitsulo chomwe chimatha kukana kuwonongeka ndi makina opangira mankhwala chimatchedwa chitsulo chosagwira asidi.Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri ndi chitsulo chopanda aloyi chokhala ndi chitsulo chopitilira 60% ngati matrix, ndikuwonjezera chromium, faifi tambala, molybdenum ndi zinthu zina zophatikizira.

Chitsulocho chikakhala ndi chromium yoposa 12%, chitsulo chomwe chili mumlengalenga ndi kusungunula nitric acid sichapafupi kuwononga ndi dzimbiri.Chifukwa chake ndi chakuti chromium ikhoza kupanga filimu yolimba kwambiri ya chromium oxide pamwamba pa chitsulo, kuteteza bwino chitsulo kuti chisawonongeke.Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri mu chromium nthawi zambiri chimakhala choposa 14%, koma chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri sichikhala ndi dzimbiri.M'madera a m'mphepete mwa nyanja kapena kuipitsidwa kwakukulu kwa mpweya, pamene mpweya wa chloride ion uli waukulu, pamwamba pa zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zomwe zimawonekera mumlengalenga zimatha kukhala ndi madontho a dzimbiri, koma mawanga a dzimbiriwa amangokhala pamtunda, sangawononge chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri. matrix amkati.

Nthawi zambiri, kuchuluka kwa chrome Wcr wamkulu kuposa 12% zitsulo ali ndi makhalidwe a zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri, zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri malinga microstructure pambuyo kutentha mankhwala akhoza kugawidwa m'magulu asanu: kutanthauza ferrite zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri, martensitic zosapanga dzimbiri zitsulo, austenitic zosapanga dzimbiri. chitsulo, austenitic - ferrite chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri komanso chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha carbonized.

Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri nthawi zambiri chimagawidwa ndi bungwe la matrix:

1, chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha ferritic.Muli 12% mpaka 30% chromium.Kukaniza kwake kwa dzimbiri, kulimba kwake komanso kutenthedwa ndi kuchuluka kwa chromium ndikuwongolera kukana kwa chloride kupsinjika ndikwabwino kuposa mitundu ina yachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri.

2, chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha austenitic.Muli chromium yoposa 18%, mulinso pafupifupi 8% nickel ndi molybdenum pang'ono, titaniyamu, nayitrogeni ndi zinthu zina.Magwiridwe athunthu ndiabwino, amatha kugonjetsedwa ndi dzimbiri zosiyanasiyana zapa media.

3, Austenitic - ferritic duplex chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri.Onse austenitic ndi ferritic zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri, ndipo ali ndi ubwino superplasticity.

4, martensitic chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri.Mkulu mphamvu, koma pulasitiki osauka ndi weldability.