Kudzimbiritsa ndi kuwonongeka kapena kuwonongeka kwa zinthu kapena zinthu zake zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha chilengedwe. Kudzimbiritsa kwakukulu kumachitika m'malo okhala ndi zinthu zowononga komanso zinthu zowononga monga mpweya, chinyezi, kusintha kwa kutentha ndi zinthu zoipitsa.
Kutupa kwa Cyclic ndi dzimbiri lofala komanso lowononga kwambiri mumlengalenga. Kutupa kwa Cyclic Corrosion pamwamba pa zinthu zachitsulo kumachitika chifukwa cha ma chloride ion omwe ali pamwamba pa chitsulo cha oxidized layer ndi chitetezo cha kulowa kwa chitsulo pamwamba ndi mkati mwa electrochemical reaction yomwe imachitika chifukwa cha. Nthawi yomweyo, ma chlorine ion ali ndi mphamvu inayake yamadzimadzi, yosavuta kuyamwa m'mabowo a pamwamba pa chitsulo, ming'alu yodzaza ndi kusintha mpweya mu oxide layer, ma oxide osasungunuka kukhala ma chloride osungunuka, kotero kuti mawonekedwe a pamwamba pa chitsulocho amasintha kukhala pamwamba pa chinthu chogwira ntchito.
Mayeso a Cyclic Corrosion ndi mtundu wa mayeso oteteza chilengedwe omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pogwiritsa ntchito zida zoyesera za Cyclic Corrosion kuti apange kuyerekezera kochita kupanga kwa momwe chilengedwe chimakhalira ndi Cyclic Corrosion kuti awone kukana kwa dzimbiri kwa zinthu kapena zinthu zachitsulo. Amagawidwa m'magulu awiri, limodzi la mayeso achilengedwe, lina la kuyerekezera kochita kupanga kothamanga kwa mayeso a Cyclic Corrosion.
Kuyeserera kochita kupanga kwa mayeso a chilengedwe a Cyclic Corrosion ndikugwiritsa ntchito kuchuluka kwa zida zoyesera malo - chipinda choyesera cha Cyclic Corrosion (Chithunzi), mu kuchuluka kwake kwa malo pogwiritsa ntchito njira zopangira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chilengedwe cha Cyclic Corrosion chiziwunika mtundu wa kukana kwa dzimbiri kwa chinthucho.
Poyerekeza ndi chilengedwe, kuchuluka kwa mchere wa chloride womwe uli m'chilengedwe chake cha Cyclic Corrosion, ukhoza kukhala kangapo kapena kangapo kuposa kuchuluka kwa chilengedwe chachilengedwe cha Cyclic Corrosion, kotero kuti kuchuluka kwa dzimbiri kumawonjezeka kwambiri, mayeso a Cyclic Corrosion pa chinthucho, nthawi yopezera zotsatira zake imafupikitsidwanso kwambiri. Monga momwe zilili m'chilengedwe chachilengedwe cha mayeso a chitsanzo cha chinthu, kuti dzimbiri lake lingatenge chaka chimodzi, pomwe mu kuyerekezera kochita kupanga kwa nyengo ya nyengo ya Cyclic Corrosion, bola maola 24, mutha kupeza zotsatira zofanana.
Kuphulika kwa Cyclic Corrosion koyesedwa m'ma laboratories kungagawidwe m'magulu anayi
(1)Mayeso a Kutupa kwa Neutral Cyclic Corrosion (mayeso a NSS)ndi njira yoyesera dzimbiri mwachangu yomwe idawonekera koyambirira ndipo pakadali pano ndiyo yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Imagwiritsa ntchito yankho la 5% sodium chloride saline, yankho la PH lomwe limasinthidwa mu neutral range (6.5 ~ 7.2) ngati yankho lopopera. Kutentha kwa mayeso kumatengedwa 35 ℃, kuchuluka kwa zomwe zimafunika pa Cyclic Corrosion mu 1 ~ 2ml/80cm/h.
(2)Mayeso a Acetic acid Cyclic Corrosion (mayeso a ASS)Imapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito mayeso a neutral Cyclic Corrosion. Ndi kuwonjezera glacial acetic acid mu yankho la 5% sodium chloride, kotero kuti PH ya yankho ichepetse kufika pafupifupi 3, yankho limakhala acidic, ndipo mapangidwe omaliza a Cyclic Corrosion amasinthidwanso kuchoka pa neutral Cyclic Corrosion kukhala acidic. Kuchuluka kwa dzimbiri kwake kumakhala kofulumira katatu kuposa mayeso a NSS.
(3)Mayeso a Mkuwa a acetic acid ofulumira a Mchere wa Mkuwa (Cyclic Corrosion test) (mayeso a CASS)ndi mayeso atsopano akunja ofulumira a Cyclic Corrosion, kutentha kwa mayeso ndi 50 ℃, yankho la mchere wokhala ndi mchere wochepa wa mkuwa - copper chloride, womwe umayambitsa dzimbiri kwambiri. Kuchuluka kwa dzimbiri kwake kuli pafupifupi nthawi 8 kuposa mayeso a NSS.
(4)Mayeso Osinthira a Cyclic CorrosionNdi mayeso athunthu a Cyclic Corrosion, omwe kwenikweni ndi mayeso a Cyclic Corrosion osalowererapo komanso mayeso a chinyezi ndi kutentha nthawi zonse. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pazinthu zonse zamtundu wa cavity, kudzera mu kulowa kwa chilengedwe chonyowa, kotero kuti Cyclic Corrosion sikuti imangopangidwa pamwamba pa chinthucho, komanso mkati mwa chinthucho. Ndi chinthu chomwe chili mu Cyclic Corrosion ndi kutentha konyowa m'malo awiri mosinthana, ndipo potsiriza amayesa mphamvu zamagetsi ndi makina a chinthu chonsecho ndi kusintha kapena popanda kusintha.
Zotsatira za mayeso a Cyclic Corrosion nthawi zambiri zimaperekedwa mu mawonekedwe a qualitative osati kuchuluka. Pali njira zinayi zenizeni zoweruzira.
①njira yoweruza mavotiNdi dera la dzimbiri ndi dera lonse la chiŵerengero cha peresenti malinga ndi njira inayake yogawa m'magawo angapo, mpaka pamlingo wina ngati maziko oyenerera a chiweruzo, ndi yoyenera zitsanzo zathyathyathya kuti ziwunikidwe.
②njira yoweruzira milanduKuyeza kulemera kwa chitsanzo musanayambe komanso mutatha kuyeza njira yoyezera dzimbiri, kuwerengera kulemera kwa kutayika kwa dzimbiri kuti muweruze ubwino wa chitsanzo chotsutsa dzimbiri, ndikoyenera kwambiri kuwunika khalidwe la kukana dzimbiri kwachitsulo.
③njira yodziwira mawonekedwe owonongaNdi njira yodziwira khalidwe, ndi mayeso a Cyclic Corrosion, ngati chinthucho chimapanga zinthu zowononga kuti chidziwe chitsanzo, miyezo yonse yazinthu imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri munjira iyi.
④njira yowunikira ziwerengero za deta ya dzimbiriimapereka kapangidwe ka mayeso a dzimbiri, kusanthula deta ya dzimbiri, deta ya dzimbiri kuti adziwe kuchuluka kwa chidaliro cha njirayo, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri posanthula, dzimbiri la ziwerengero, osati makamaka pa chiweruzo cha mtundu winawake wa chinthu.
Kuyesa kwa dzimbiri kwa chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri
Mayeso a Cyclic Corrosion adapangidwa kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 20, ndipo ndi njira yayitali kwambiri yogwiritsira ntchito "mayeso a dzimbiri", yomwe ogwiritsa ntchito amakonda kwambiri zinthu zomwe sizingawonongeke, ndipo yakhala mayeso "onse". Zifukwa zazikulu ndi izi: ① kusunga nthawi; ② mtengo wotsika; ③ amatha kuyesa zinthu zosiyanasiyana; ④ zotsatira zake ndi zosavuta komanso zomveka bwino, zomwe zimathandiza kuthetsa mikangano yamalonda.
Mwachidule, mayeso a Cyclic Corrosion a chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri ndi omwe amadziwika kwambiri - kodi mayeso a Cyclic Corrosion angagwiritsidwe ntchito maola angati? Akatswiri sayenera kukhala achilendo pa funso ili.
Ogulitsa zinthu nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchitokungokhala chetechithandizo kapenakuwongolera kalasi yopukutira pamwamba, ndi zina zotero, kuti muwongolere nthawi yoyesera ya Cyclic Corrosion ya chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri. Komabe, chinthu chofunikira kwambiri chomwe chimatsimikizira ndi kapangidwe ka chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chokha, mwachitsanzo kuchuluka kwa chromium, molybdenum ndi nickel.
Zinthu ziwirizi, chromium ndi molybdenum, zimakhala ndi mphamvu yolimba yolimbana ndi dzimbiri komanso kupangika kwa ming'alu. Kukana dzimbiri kumeneku kumafotokozedwa m'njira yotchedwaKukana Kupondaponda Kofanana(PRE) mtengo: PRE = %Cr + 3.3 x %Mo.
Ngakhale nickel siikulitsa kukana kwa chitsulo ku dzimbiri lopindika ndi lopindika, imatha kuchepetsa kukana kwa dzimbiri pambuyo poti njira yozimira yayamba. Chifukwa chake, zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zokhala ndi nickel zomwe zili ndi austenitic nthawi zambiri zimagwira ntchito bwino kwambiri mu mayeso a Cyclic Corrosion, ndipo sizimawononga kwambiri kuposa zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri za nickel zomwe zimakhala ndi kukana kofanana ndi zimbiri zopindika.
Zovuta: Pa muyezo wa 304, kuzizira kwa mpweya kosalekeza nthawi zambiri kumakhala pakati pa maola 48 ndi 72; pa muyezo wa 316, kuzizira kwa mpweya kosalekeza nthawi zambiri kumakhala pakati pa maola 72 ndi 120.
Tiyenera kudziwa kutiaKudzimbirika kwa MzungulireKuyesa kuli ndi zovuta zazikulu poyesa mphamvu za chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri.Kuchuluka kwa kloride mu Cyclic Corrosion mu Cyclic Corrosion test ndi kwakukulu kwambiri, kuposa chilengedwe chenicheni, kotero chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chomwe chingagonjetse dzimbiri mu chilengedwe chenicheni chomwe chili ndi kloridi yochepa kwambiri chidzawotchedwanso mu Cyclic Corrosion test.
Mayeso a Cyclic Corrosion amasintha momwe chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chimagwirira ntchito, sangawonedwe ngati mayeso ofulumira kapena kuyesa koyerekeza. Zotsatira zake ndi za mbali imodzi ndipo sizili ndi ubale wofanana ndi momwe chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chimagwirira ntchito chomwe chimayikidwa pomaliza.
Chifukwa chake tingagwiritse ntchito mayeso a Cyclic Corrosion kuti tiyerekeze kukana kwa dzimbiri kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, koma mayesowa amatha kungoyesa zinthuzo. Posankha zinthu zosapanga dzimbiri makamaka, mayeso a Cyclic Corrosion okha nthawi zambiri sapereka chidziwitso chokwanira, chifukwa sitimamvetsetsa bwino kulumikizana komwe kulipo pakati pa mikhalidwe yoyesera ndi malo enieni ogwiritsira ntchito.
Pachifukwa chomwecho, sizingatheke kuwerengera nthawi yogwira ntchito ya chinthucho potengera mayeso a Cyclic Corrosion a chitsanzo cha chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri.
Kuphatikiza apo, sizingatheke kufananiza mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chitsulo, mwachitsanzo, sitingathe kufananiza chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri ndi chitsulo cha kaboni chophimbidwa, chifukwa njira zowononga za zinthu ziwiri zomwe zagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa ndizosiyana kwambiri, ndipo mgwirizano pakati pa zotsatira za mayeso ndi malo enieni omwe chinthucho chidzagwiritsidwe ntchito si wofanana.
Nthawi yotumizira: Novembala-06-2023