Cholinga cha Zida Zopaka
Kuphimba kunja kwa mipope yachitsulo ndikofunikira kuti zisachite dzimbiri.Dzimbiri pamwamba pa mipope zitsulo zingasokoneze kwambiri ntchito yawo, khalidwe, ndi maonekedwe.Chifukwa chake, kupaka utoto kumakhudza kwambiri mtundu wonse wazinthu zamapaipi achitsulo.
-
Zofunikira Pazida Zopaka
Malinga ndi miyezo yokhazikitsidwa ndi American Petroleum Institute, mapaipi achitsulo ayenera kukana dzimbiri kwa miyezi itatu.Komabe, kufunikira kwa nthawi yayitali yolimbana ndi dzimbiri kwawonjezeka, ndipo ogwiritsa ntchito ambiri amafunikira kukana kwa miyezi 3 mpaka 6 m'malo osungira kunja.Kupatula kufunikira kwa moyo wautali, ogwiritsa ntchito amayembekeza zokutira kuti zikhale zosalala, ngakhale kugawa kwa anti-corrosive agents popanda kudumpha kapena kudontha komwe kungakhudze mawonekedwe owoneka.
-
Mitundu Yazida zokutira ndi Ubwino Wake ndi Zoipa
M'matauni apansi panthaka maukonde,mapaipi achitsuloamagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kunyamula gasi, mafuta, madzi, ndi zina.Zovala zamapaipiwa zidachokera kuzinthu zachikhalidwe za phula kupita ku utomoni wa polyethylene ndi zida za epoxy resin.Kugwiritsa ntchito zokutira utomoni wa polyethylene kunayamba m'zaka za m'ma 1980, ndipo ndikugwiritsa ntchito mosiyanasiyana, zida ndi njira zokutira zawona kusintha pang'onopang'ono.
3.1 Kupaka Mafuta a Asphalt
Mafuta a asphalt a petroleum, osanjikiza odana ndi dzimbiri, amakhala ndi zigawo za phula la petroleum, zolimbikitsidwa ndi nsalu ya fiberglass ndi filimu yoteteza kunja ya polyvinyl chloride.Amapereka chitetezo chabwino kwambiri chamadzi, kumamatira bwino kumalo osiyanasiyana, komanso kutsika mtengo.Komabe, ili ndi zovuta zina, kuphatikizapo kutengeka ndi kusintha kwa kutentha, kukhala wonyezimira m'malo otentha, komanso kukalamba ndi kusweka, makamaka m'nthaka ya miyala, zomwe zimafuna njira zowonjezera zodzitetezera komanso ndalama zowonjezera.
3.2 Coal Tar Epoxy Coating
Coal tar epoxy, wopangidwa kuchokera ku epoxy resin ndi malasha phula phula, amawonetsa kukana kwamadzi ndi mankhwala, kukana dzimbiri, kumamatira kwabwino, mphamvu zamakina, komanso kutsekereza katundu.Komabe, zimafunikira nthawi yayitali yochiritsa pambuyo pakugwiritsa ntchito, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kutengera nyengo panthawiyi.Kuphatikiza apo, zigawo zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popaka izi zimafunikira kusungidwa mwapadera, kukweza mtengo.
3.3 Kupaka kwa Epoxy Powder
Kupaka ufa wa epoxy, womwe unayambitsidwa m'zaka za m'ma 1960, umaphatikizapo kupopera ufa wopangidwa ndi electrostatically pamalo okonzedweratu ndi otenthedwa kale, kupanga wosanjikiza wothina woletsa dzimbiri.Ubwino wake umaphatikizapo kutentha kwakukulu (-60 ° C mpaka 100 ° C), kumamatira mwamphamvu, kukana bwino kwa cathodic disbondment, kukhudzidwa, kusinthasintha, ndi kuwonongeka kwa weld.Komabe, filimu yake yowonda kwambiri imapangitsa kuti iwonongeke ndipo imafuna njira zamakono zopangira ndi zipangizo, zomwe zimabweretsa zovuta pakugwiritsa ntchito m'munda.Ngakhale kuti imapambana muzinthu zambiri, imakhala yochepa poyerekeza ndi polyethylene ponena za kukana kutentha ndi chitetezo chonse cha dzimbiri.
3.4 Polyethylene Anti-corrosive zokutira
Polyethylene imapereka kukana kwamphamvu kwambiri komanso kuuma kwakukulu komanso kutentha kwakukulu.Imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'madera ozizira monga Russia ndi Western Europe pamapaipi chifukwa cha kusinthasintha kwake komanso kukana kwamphamvu, makamaka pakutentha kotsika.Komabe, zovuta zimakhalabe pakugwiritsa ntchito mapaipi akuluakulu, komwe kupsinjika maganizo kungachitike, ndipo kulowetsedwa kwa madzi kungayambitse dzimbiri pansi pa zokutira, zomwe zimafunika kufufuza kwina ndi kusintha kwa zinthu ndi njira zogwiritsira ntchito.
3.5 Kuphimba Kwambiri Kulimbana ndi dzimbiri
Zovala zokhala ndi anti-corrosion zolemera zimakulitsa kukana kwa dzimbiri poyerekeza ndi zokutira wamba.Amawonetsa kugwira ntchito kwanthawi yayitali ngakhale m'mikhalidwe yovuta, yokhala ndi moyo wopitilira zaka 10 mpaka 15 m'malo amankhwala, am'madzi, ndi zosungunulira, komanso zaka 5 m'malo okhala acidic, alkaline, kapena saline.Zovala izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi makulidwe a filimu owuma kuyambira 200μm mpaka 2000μm, kuonetsetsa chitetezo chapamwamba komanso kukhazikika.Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'nyumba zam'madzi, zida zamankhwala, akasinja osungira, ndi mapaipi.
-
Mavuto Odziwika Ndi Zida Zopaka
Nkhani zodziwika ndi zokutira zimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito kosagwirizana, kudontha kwa anti-corrosive agents, komanso kupanga thovu.
(1) Kupaka kosagwirizana: Kugawidwa kosagwirizana kwa anti-corrosive agents pamtundu wa chitoliro kumabweretsa madera omwe ali ndi makulidwe ochulukirapo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ziwonongeke, pamene malo owonda kapena osatsekedwa amachepetsa mphamvu ya chitoliro chotsutsana ndi dzimbiri.
(2) Kudontha kwa anti-corrosive agents: Chodabwitsa ichi, pomwe anti-corrosive agents amalimba ngati madontho pamwamba pa chitoliro, amakhudza kukongola koma osakhudza mwachindunji kukana dzimbiri.
(3) Mapangidwe a thovu: Mpweya womwe umatsekeredwa mkati mwa anti-corrosive agent panthawi yogwiritsira ntchito umapanga thovu pamwamba pa chitoliro, zomwe zimakhudza maonekedwe ndi kuyanika bwino.
-
Kusanthula kwa Nkhani Za Ubwino Wa Coating
Vuto lirilonse limachokera ku zifukwa zosiyanasiyana, chifukwa cha zinthu zosiyanasiyana;ndi mtolo wa zitsulo chitoliro anatsindika ndi khalidwe vuto angakhalenso osakaniza angapo.Zomwe zimapangidwira ❖ kuyanika zingagawidwe pafupifupi mitundu iwiri, imodzi ndizochitika zosagwirizana chifukwa cha kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa pambuyo poti chitoliro chachitsulo chikulowa mu bokosi lopaka;chachiwiri ndi chosiyana chochitika chifukwa chosapopera mankhwala.
Chifukwa chodabwitsa choyamba n'zoonekeratu zosavuta kuona, kwa ❖ kuyanika zida pamene zitsulo chitoliro mu ❖ kuyanika bokosi mu 360 ° kuzungulira okwana 6 mfuti (casing mzere ali 12 mfuti) kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa.Ngati mfuti iliyonse yopopera kuchokera ku kukula kwake ndi yosiyana, ndiye kuti izi zidzatsogolera kugawa kosafanana kwa anticorrosive wothandizira m'malo osiyanasiyana a chitoliro chachitsulo.
Chifukwa chachiwiri n'chakuti pali zifukwa zina za chodabwitsa ❖ kuyanika kusiyana ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa.Pali mitundu yambiri ya zinthu, monga chitsulo chitoliro ukubwera dzimbiri, roughness, kotero kuti ❖ kuyanika ndi kovuta wogawana anagawira;zitsulo chitoliro pamwamba ali ndi madzi kuthamanga muyeso anasiyidwa pamene emulsion, nthawi ❖ kuyanika chifukwa chokhudzana ndi emulsion, kotero kuti zotetezera n'zovuta angagwirizanitse pamwamba pa chitoliro zitsulo, kotero kuti palibe ❖ kuyanika wa zitsulo chitoliro mbali emulsion, chifukwa ❖ kuyanika lonse zitsulo chitoliro si yunifolomu.
(1) Chifukwa cha anticorrosive wothandizira atapachikidwa madontho.Gawo lapakati la chitoliro chachitsulo ndi lozungulira, nthawi zonse pamene anticorrosive wothandizira amapopera pamwamba pa chitoliro chachitsulo, anticorrosive agent kumtunda ndi m'mphepete mwake kumapita kumunsi chifukwa cha mphamvu yokoka, apanga chodabwitsa cha dontho lolendewera.Chinthu chabwino ndi chakuti pali zida za ng'anjo muzitsulo zopangira zokutira za fakitale yachitsulo ya chitoliro, zomwe zimatha kutentha ndi kulimbitsa anticorrosive wothandizira kupopera pamwamba pa chitoliro chachitsulo mu nthawi ndi kuchepetsa fluidity wa wothandizira anticorrosive.Komabe, ngati mamasukidwe akayendedwe a anticorrosive wothandizira si mkulu;palibe kutentha kwanthawi yake pambuyo kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa;kapena kutentha kutentha sipamwamba;nozzle si bwino ntchito bwino, etc. adzatsogolera anticorrosive wothandizira atapachikidwa madontho.
(2) Zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale thovu.Chifukwa cha malo ogwirira ntchito a chinyezi cha mpweya, kubalalitsidwa kwa utoto ndikochulukira, kutsika kwa kutentha kumapangitsa kuti pakhale kuphulika kosungika.Chinyezi cha mpweya, kutsika kwa kutentha, zotetezera zomwe zimatayidwa kuchokera m'mitsinje ting'onoting'ono, zingayambitse kutentha.The madzi mu mlengalenga ndi apamwamba chinyezi pambuyo kutentha dontho adzakhala condense kupanga bwino madzi m'malovu wothira zotetezera, ndipo kenako kulowa mkati mwa ❖ kuyanika, chifukwa ❖ kuyanika matuza chodabwitsa.
Nthawi yotumiza: Dec-15-2023