Chifukwa Chake Bukuli Ndi Lofunika (Ngakhale Mukuganiza Kuti Mukudziwa Kale)
Tiyeni tinene zoona - makampani ambiri opanga zitsulo amanyalanyaza miphika ya zinyalala mpaka chinthu china chitasweka kapena thunthu litayamba kuwoneka lokayikitsa. Kenako zimakhala zadzidzidzi: kupanga kumasiya, mumayesetsa kupeza wina woti alowe m'malo mwake, ndipo oyang'anira chitetezo amalephera kugona.
Tawonanso zomwezi m'mafakitale opitilira 100 achitsulo. Nkhani yabwino: kulephera kwa miphika ya slag nthawi zambiri kusanachitike kumatha kupewedwa ndi kukonza kosavuta komanso kotsika mtengo. Bukuli limakupatsani njira zothandiza - palibe zida zapamwamba, palibe alangizi okwera mtengo.
*Kutengera ndemanga zenizeni kuchokera kwa makasitomala a Womic Steel kwa zaka zoposa 12, kuphatikiza ndemanga kuchokera kwa mainjiniya okonza zinthu omwe akhala akugwira ntchito kwa nthawi zoposa 10,000.*
Gawo 1: Zifukwa Zenizeni Zophera Zinyalala (Osati Zimene Ogulitsa Amakuuzani)
| Chifukwa Cholephera | % ya Milandu (Deta ya gawo la akazi) | Nthawi Yachizolowezi |
| Ming'alu ya kutopa kwa kutentha (m'mphepete ndi m'mbali) | 42% | Zaka 2–4 |
| Mizu ya Trunnion imasweka | 28% | Zaka 3–5 |
| Kuzizira kwa zinyalala / kuwonongeka kwa makina | 18% | Nthawi iliyonse |
| Kuchepetsa/kuwononga khoma | 8% | Zaka 4–6 |
| Chilema choyambirira choponyera | 4% |
Chidziwitso chachikulu:Kutopa ndi kutentha ndi nambala 1. Izi zimachitika chifukwa miphika ya slag imasinthasintha kuchoka pa kutentha kofiira (1,600°C) kufika pa kuzizira pang'ono (300–500°C) nthawi 10–20 patsiku. Kuzungulira kulikonse kumakula ndikuchepetsa chitsulocho. Pakapita nthawi, ming'alu yaying'ono imayamba pamphepete ndikufalikira pansi.
Chomwe chimapangitsa kuti zinthu ziipireipire:
● Kuziziritsa kosafanana (madzi othiridwa mbali imodzi)
● Kugwira ntchito nthawi yayitali ndi slag yochepa (kumapanga malo otentha)
● Kapangidwe koipa ka trunnion (kuthwa kwa radius = kupsinjika maganizo)
● Nkhani yabwino - ndi kusintha kosavuta, mutha kuwonjezera ma cycle 1,000–2,000 pa mphika uliwonse.
Gawo 2: Macheke a Tsiku ndi Tsiku ndi Sabata (Aliyense Angathe)
Simukusowa akatswiri ovomerezeka a NDT pa izi. Phunzitsani oyendetsa ma crane anu kapena oyang'anira ma shift. Zimatenga mphindi 5 pa poto iliyonse.
Kusintha kulikonse - Kuyang'ana Kowoneka
| Zoyenera Kuyang'ana | Tanthauzo Lake | Zochita |
| Mng'alu watsopano pamphepete, makamaka pafupi ndi ma trunnion | Kutopa msanga kwa kutentha | Ikani chizindikiro ndi choko, onani sabata iliyonse |
| Kupindika kapena kusinthika pansi | Kukhudzidwa kovuta panthawi yotaya | Yang'anani ngati pali ming'alu yobisika; sinthani njira yotayira |
| Chidebe chomangiriridwa pakhoma lamkati (>50mm makulidwe) | Chophimba chosweka kapena chotsetsereka molakwika | Konzani nthawi yoyeretsa; ganizirani zokonzanso utoto |
| Kuchuluka kwa pamwamba pa trunnion > kuya kwa 3mm | Kusagwirizana kapena kusalingana kwa mbedza ya crane | Yesani ndi kupereka lipoti; mungafunike kuwotcherera matabwa |
| Utoto ukutuluka matuza kapena kung'ambika | Kutentha kwambiri m'dera limenelo | Kutentha kwa chowunikira |
Sabata Iliyonse - Mayeso Osavuta a Tap
Gwiritsani ntchito nyundo ya mpira ya 500g. Gwirani mphika m'magawo 5: mkombero (magawo 4), khoma la m'mbali, pansi, ndi zipilala zonse ziwiri.
Phokoso lomveka bwino→ Chabwino
Phokoso losamveka bwino kapena lopanda kanthu→ Kung'ambika kapena kung'ambika kwa mkati → Chizindikiro cha kuyang'aniridwa kwa UT
Njira yakale iyi imagwira ntchito bwino kwambiri. Kasitomala wina adapeza miphika itatu yokhala ndi ming'alu mkati isanawonekere.
Sabata Iliyonse - Kuyang'ana Kuzungulira kwa Trunnion
Ngati zogwirira zanu za crane zili ndi mphamvu yozungulira, zungulirani pang'onopang'ono mphikawo mutapachikidwa. Mvetserani ngati zikuphwanyidwa kapena zikusuntha mosagwirizana. Ngati kuzungulira kuli kolimba, mabowo a trunnion akhoza kusweka kapena kupotoka.
Gawo 3: Kuyang'anira Mwezi ndi Mwezi ndi Kotala (Zida Zosavuta)
Izi zimafuna zida zoyezera zoyambira - tepi yoyezera, caliper, ndi m'mphepete molunjika.
Yesani Kuzungulira kwa Mzere
Ikani m'mphepete molunjika kudutsa m'mimba mwake wa m'mphepete. Yesani mpata pa mfundo zinayi.
Chovomerezeka:Kupotoka ≤15mm kuchokera kuzungulira.
Ngati pali kusiyana kwa 15mm:Mphikawo ukupotoka. Uzungulireni pamalo osagwira ntchito kwambiri kapena mukonze nthawi.
Yang'anani Kukhuthala kwa Khoma (Kodi simukufuna kutero? Chitani Izi)
Simungathe kuyeza makulidwe enieni popanda UT, koma mutha kuzindikira kukokoloka kwakukulu kapena ming'alu yamkati mwa:
●Nyowetsani pamwamba pa mphika ndi madzi– ngati ming'alu ili pakhoma, madzi amatuluka pang'onopang'ono kunja mphika ukazizira.
●Yerekezerani kulemera komwe kwapangidwa- yesani mphika watsopano wa kapangidwe kake. Ngati mphika wanu wogwiritsidwa ntchito uli wopepuka kuposa 5%, ganizirani kuti khoma lake ndi lochepa.
●Trunnion Bore Wear
Yesani kukula kwa matabwa a trunnion pogwiritsa ntchito caliper yamkati.
Malire a kuvala:Kuwonjezeka kwa 3mm kuchokera koyambirira.
Kuphatikiza apo, kuyika matabwa kapena kuyika matabwa ndikofunikira.
Gawo 4: Kuyang'anira Akatswiri Pachaka (Chifukwa Chake Simuyenera Kulumpha)
Kamodzi pachaka, bweretsani katswiri wodziwa bwino ntchito ya NDT.
| Mayeso | Malo | Muyezo |
| Mapu a makulidwe a ultrasonic | Mapointi 20 pa pot iliyonse | ASME kapena ISO |
| Tinthu ta maginito (MT) | Utali wa mizu ya Trunnion, mkombero wa 100mm | ASTM E709 |
| Chopaka utoto (PT) | Malo aliwonse okayikiridwa | ASTM E165 |
Mtengo:~$300–500 pa mphika.
Kubwezera:Kuzindikira ming'alu msanga kumathandiza kukonza pamene mphika ukugwirabe ntchito. Kusintha mphika womwe walephera kumabweretsa ndalama zambiri nthawi 10 munthawi yopuma yokha.
Nkhani yeniyeni: Mphero yaku Turkey sinayang'aniridwe chaka chilichonse kwa zaka zitatu. Mu 2022, chitsulo chinalephera kunyamula - mphika wa matani 30 unatsika mamita awiri. Palibe kuvulala, koma kupanga kunayima kwa maola 18. Kuphatikiza pa mtengo wosintha mphika ndikukonza pansi.
Gawo 5: Kukonza - Zomwe Zingakonzedwe (ndi Zomwe Sizingakonzedwe)
Ikhoza Kukonzedwa (Yotsika Mtengo)
| Chilema | Njira Yokonzera | Chiwongola dzanja |
| Mng'alu wosaya kwambiri (<20mm kuya) | Kupukuta, utali wosalala | Pamwamba kwambiri |
| Malo odulidwa a trunnion | Makina olumikizirana ndi makina omangira | Zapamwamba (ngati zachitika ndi wowotcherera woyenerera) |
| Kutupa kapena kupukuta | Pukutani bwino; sikufunika chodzaza | Pamwamba |
| Kulephera kwa kuvala | Pakaninso chophimba choletsa kuuma | Pamwamba kwambiri |
| Kuchepetsa khoma (<15% ya choyambirira) | Landirani momwe zilili; fufuzani | N / A |
Ikhoza Kukonzedwa Mosamala
| Chilema | Njira Yokonzera | Chiwopsezo |
| Kusweka kwakukulu (>20mm koma osati khoma lodutsa) | Chotsani, sungunulani, chepetsani kupsinjika maganizo | Yapakatikati (ingabwezeretsedwe) |
| Mphuno ya mizu ya Trunnion | Kukonza kwathunthu kwa weld, kenako UT imayang'ana | Wapakatikati - imafuna wowotcherera woyenerera komanso PWHT |
| Mzere wopotoka | Kuwongola kutentha (kupambana pang'ono) | Kukwera - kungayambitse kupsinjika kwatsopano |
Sizingakonzedwe (Tayani / Sungunulaninso)
● Mng'alu wodutsa pakhoma wautali kuposa 200mm
● Trunnion yasweka kwathunthu kapena yasowa
● Kuchepa kwambiri kwa khoma (>25% koyambirira)
● Ming'alu yambiri yomwe imapanga ukonde (khungu la ng'ona)
● Mphika womwe walukidwa nthawi zoposa zitatu
Lamulo lalikulu:Ngati simukudziwa, tumizani zithunzi kwa ogulitsa slag pot yanu. Ogulitsa ambiri odziwika bwino adzapereka mtengo waulere.
Gawo 6: Kukonza Zophimba - Chinthu Chomwe Chimanyalanyazidwa Kwambiri
Kumatirira zinyalala (kuziziritsa) ndi chinthu choopsa kwambiri chomwe chimapha ntchito. Chimawonjezera nthawi yogwirira ntchito, chimafuna kusweka ndi manja, komanso chimawononga mkati mwa chipinda.
Momwe mungadziwire kuti chophimba chanu chikufunikira chisamaliro:
● Zidutswa za zinyalala zokhuthala kuposa 50mm zitatayidwa
● Muyenera kuponda mphika kuti mutulutse matope
● Mumaona chitsulo chopanda kanthu m'mbale mutatsuka
Kukonza kosavuta:
● Miyezi itatu iliyonse, gwiritsani ntchito utoto woteteza kutentha kwambiri (womwe umapezeka ngati aerosol kapena brush-on).
● Miyezi 12 iliyonse, pukutani bwino mbale yamkati (pakani mchenga mpaka Sa 2.5, ikani ma coat awiri a ceramic-epoxy).
● Mtengo wokonzanso: ~$800–1,500 pa mphika uliwonse.
● Kubwezeretsa: Kumachepetsa kuzizira ndi 70%, kumachepetsa nthawi yoyeretsa, komanso kumawonjezera nthawi yogwira ntchito m'miphika.
Gawo 7: Njira Zabwino Zosungira ndi Kusamalira
Mafakitale ambiri amasunga miphika ya slag panja. Palibe vuto, koma tsatirani malamulo awa:
| Do | Osatero |
| Sungani pa matabwa a matabwa kapena pads za konkire | Sungani mwachindunji pa nthaka yonyowa |
| Phimbani miphika ndi ma tarps nthawi ya mvula/chipale chofewa | Lolani madzi kuti adzike mkati mwa mbale |
| Zungulirani miphika ikagwiritsidwa ntchito (gwiritsani ntchito yakale poyamba) | Sungani mphika womwewo ukugwira ntchito kwa miyezi ingapo |
| Sungani miphika m'magulu malinga ndi kukula/zaka | Sakanizani miphika yosweka kwambiri ndi yatsopano |
| Lembani chidebe chilichonse ndi chiphaso, kulemera, ndi tsiku loyendera | Dalirani kukumbukira |
Chifukwa chake kuzungulira ndikofunikira:Ngati nthawi zonse mumagwiritsa ntchito miphika itatu yomweyi ndikusiya isanu yosungira, itatuyo idzatha msanga pomwe isanuyo idzawonongeka chifukwa cha nyengo. Sinthasinthani sabata iliyonse.
Gawo 8: Kuphunzitsa Gulu Lanu - Chikwangwani Chosavuta Chofufuzira
Tikukulimbikitsani kusindikiza mndandanda uwu ndikuupachika pafupi ndi malo osungira zinthu zotsalira.
Kufufuza kwa Tsiku ndi Tsiku kwa Slag Pot (Mphindi 5)
● Kuyendayenda m'mphika - pali ming'alu yatsopano?
● Tap rim ndi nyundo - mphete yowonekera bwino?
● Ma trunnions - pali kuwonongeka, mapindi, kapena ming'alu?
● Mbale yamkati - slag yomatirira kuposa 50mm?
● Utoto - pali matuza aliwonse?
Ngati INDE kwa → Tag pot iliyonse, dziwitsani woyang'anira.
Mndandanda wa Zofunikira pa Sabata (mphindi 30 za miphika yonse)
● Yesani kuzungulira kwa mkombero (m'mphepete molunjika)
● Yang'anani ngati chibowo cha trunnion chawonongeka (caliper)
● Yesani chidebe cha chitsanzo (yerekezani ndi kulemera kwatsopano)
● Yang'anani momwe chivundikirocho chilili
Gulu lophunzitsidwa bwino ndiye chitetezo chanu chabwino kwambiri ku kulephera kwakukulu.
Gawo 9: Nthawi Yoyimbira Katswiri
Simukuyenera kukhala katswiri, koma muyenera kudziwa nthawi yopempha thandizo. Lumikizanani ndi wogulitsa slag pot wanu ngati:
● Mupeza mng'alu wautali kuposa 100mm kapena wozama kuposa 20mm
● Kuwonongeka kwa trunnion kumapitirira 5mm m'mimba mwake
● Kulemera kwa mphika kwatsika ndi zoposa 8% kuchokera ku zatsopano
● Mukufunika kuwotcherera kokonza (musalole wowotcherera aliyense kuchita izi - kumafuna kutentha koyambirira ndi PWHT)
● Simukudziwa bwino zotsatira za kafukufuku
Womic Steel ikupereka:
● Maphunziro owunikira malo (tsiku limodzi, ku fakitale yanu)
● Kukambirana ndi anthu pa intaneti pogwiritsa ntchito mavidiyo akutali
● Kukonza njira zowotcherera (WPS)
● Zida zophikira zina
Gawo 10: Chidule - Ndondomeko Yanu Yogwirira Ntchito ya Miyezi 12
| Mwezi | Zochita |
| Mwezi 1 | Ogwira ntchito za sitima pa mndandanda wa tsiku ndi tsiku. Yang'anani malo onse ogwirira ntchito. Ikani chizindikiro kwa aliyense wokayikira. |
| Mwezi 2 | Konzani mapu a makulidwe a UT a miphika yakale kwambiri. |
| Mwezi 3 | Pakaninso mbale zamkati mwa miphika itatu yoyipa kwambiri. Yesani momwe zinthu zilili. |
| Mwezi 6 | Yesani kuphwanyika kwa thunthu, kuzunguliridwa kwa mkombero. Yerekezerani momwe mphika umagwiritsidwira ntchito. |
| Mwezi 9 | Bwerezani UT pa miphika yomwe inali yopingasa. |
| Mwezi 12 | NDT yonse ya pachaka. Konzani zosintha za chaka chamawa. |
Mawu Omaliza - Kukonza Kotsika Mtengo Kwambiri Ndi Kupewa
Nthawi iliyonse mukapewa kusintha chidebe cha slag, mumasunga ndalama zambirimbiri. Nthawi iliyonse mukapewa kulephera kwa trunnion, mumapewa ngozi yomwe ingachitike chifukwa cha chitetezo.
Simukusowa ukadaulo wokwera mtengo - mukufunika kudziletsa komanso dongosolo losavuta. Gwiritsani ntchito malangizo awa, sinthani kuti agwirizane ndi chomera chanu, ndipo muwone momwe moyo wa mphika wanu ukukulira ndi 20–40%.
Mukufuna thandizo pokonza pulogalamu yanu yowunikira poto ya slag?
Womic Steel imapereka upangiri waulere wa ola limodzi patali. Tidzawunikanso momwe zinthu zilili panopa, mbiri yanu yolephera, ndi momwe ntchito yanu imagwirira ntchito - kenako ndikukupatsani malangizo enieni.
Victor:+86 15575100681 (WhatsApp/WeChat)
Jack:+86 18390957568 (WhatsApp/WeChat)
Imelo: sales@womicsteel.com
Webusaiti: www.womicsteel.com
Chitsulo cha Womic – Sitipanga miphika ya slag yokha; timakuthandizani kuti mugwiritse ntchito bwino kwambiri.
Zogulitsa Zofanana
-
Buku Lotsogolera Kusankha Zinthu Zopangira Mphika wa Slag: ZG270-500, G...
-
Wopanga Mphika wa Slag | Chitsulo Cholimba Chopangidwa ndi Zitsulo ...
-
Mphika wa LF/VD Slag | Slag yapadera ya Ng'anjo ya Ladle ...
-
Wopanga Mphika Waukulu wa Slag | Wolemera Kwambiri 60-100...
-
Momwe Mungakulitsire Moyo Wautali wa Mphika wa Slag: Kusamalira ...
-
Mphika wa Zinyalala wa EAF | Furnace Yamagetsi Yopangidwa Mwapadera...
-
Chikho cha Sladle | Wopanga Chikho cha Sladle cha Chitsulo - Wo...
-
Mphika wa Slag wa Matani 20-50 | Chidebe cha Slag chapakati ...
-
EN 10219 S460MH ERW Chitsulo chachitsulo - Mphamvu Zazikulu ...