Machubu achitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambirima boiler, zosinthira kutentha, malo opangira magetsi, makina opangira mafuta, ndi zida zamafakitale zotentha kwambiriPakati pa miyezo yosiyanasiyana ya mapaipi achitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri,Machubu achitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri a ASTM A213ndi chimodzi mwa zizindikiro zofunika kwambiri zamachubu a boiler achitsulo cha ferritic ndi austenitic osasinthika komanso machubu osinthira kutentha.
Mainjiniya ambiri ndi akatswiri ogula zinthu amafunafunaMachubu achitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri a ASTM A213, machubu a boiler a TP304, machubu osinthira kutentha a TP316, machubu otentha kwambiri a TP321, ndi machubu achitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri a TP347posankha zipangizo zogwiritsira ntchito kutentha kwambiri komanso zosagwira dzimbiri.
Womic Steel ndi katswiri wopanga machubu achitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chopanda zingwe, machubu a boiler, machubu osinthira kutentha, ndi machubu olondola okokedwa ozizira., kupereka zinthu zapamwamba kwambiri zamachubu zamapulojekiti apadziko lonse lapansi
1 Kodi chubu cha ASTM A213 chosapanga dzimbiri ndi chiyani?
ASTM A213 ndi muyezo wapadziko lonse lapansi wophimbaMachubu achitsulo a ferritic ndi austenitic alloy osasinthika omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu boilers, superheaters, ndi heat exchangers.
Machubu awa adapangidwa kuti azigwira ntchito mumalo otentha kwambiri komanso opanikizika kwambirikomwe kukana dzimbiri ndi kukhazikika kwa makina ndikofunikira.
Zinthu zomwe zimachitika nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo:
Kukana kwambiri dzimbiri
Kukana kutentha kwambiri kwa okosijeni
Mphamvu yabwino yamakina
Moyo wautali wautumiki
Machubu a ASTM A213 amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mumakina opangira magetsi, ma boiler a mafakitale, mafakitale a petrochemical, ndi zida zosinthira kutentha.
Magiredi awiri a Chitsulo Chosapanga Dzimbiri cha ASTM A213
Ma grade angapo achitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri nthawi zambiri amapangidwa motsatira malangizo a ASTM A213.
| Giredi | Mtundu | Ntchito Yachizolowezi |
| TP304 | Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha Austenitic | Zosinthira kutentha |
| TP316 / TP316L | Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chosagwira dzimbiri | Makampani opanga mankhwala |
| TP321 | Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chokhazikika cha titaniyamu | Ma boiler otentha kwambiri |
| TP347 / TP347H | Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chokhazikika cha Niobium | Makina opangira nthunzi ya fakitale yamagetsi |
Giredi iliyonse imapereka ubwino wosiyana kutengerakutentha, malo okhala ndi dzimbiri, ndi zofunikira pa makina.
Womic Steel imapanga machubu osiyanasiyana a ASTM A213 osapanga dzimbiri okhala ndi mawonekedwe okhwima komanso owongolera zitsulo..
Machubu a ASTM A213 TP304 Osapanga Zitsulo Zosapanga Zitsulo 3
TP304 ndiyo yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambirichubu chachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha austenitickugwiritsa ntchito chosinthira kutentha nthawi zonse.
Zinthu Zofunika Kwambiri
Kukana kwambiri dzimbiri
Kutha kupotoza bwino
Katundu wokhazikika wamakina
Kapangidwe ka Mankhwala Odziwika
| Chinthu | Zomwe zili mkati (%) |
| Mpweya | ≤0.08 |
| Chromium | 18 - 20 |
| Fakitoli | 8 - 11 |
| Manganese | ≤2.0 |
Mapulogalamu Odziwika
Machubu osinthira kutentha
Zipangizo zopangira chakudya
Makina opangira mapaipi a mafakitale
Zipangizo zopangira mankhwala
Chifukwa cha kusinthasintha kwake,Machubu achitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri a TP304 amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'makina osinthira kutentha m'mafakitale.
Machubu 4 a ASTM A213 TP316 ndi TP316L a Chitsulo Chosapanga Dzimbiri
Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha TP316 chimaperekakukana dzimbiri kwawonjezeka poyerekeza ndi TP304makamaka m'malo okhala ndima chloride ndi mankhwala.
Zinthu Zofunika za Aloyi
Kuwonjezera kwamolybdenumzimathandizira kwambiri kukana dzimbiri.
| Chinthu | Zomwe zili mkati (%) |
| Mpweya | ≤0.08 |
| Chromium | 16 - 18 |
| Fakitoli | 10 - 14 |
| Molybdenum | 2 – 3 |
Ubwino
l Kukana dzimbiri kwapamwamba kwambiri
l Good kutentha mphamvu
l Wabwino kwambiri kukana kwa chloride dzimbiri
Mapulogalamu Odziwika
Zomera zamankhwala
Zipangizo za m'mphepete mwa nyanja
Zosinthira kutentha
Zipangizo zamankhwala
TP316L ndimtundu wa mpweya wochepazomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kusungunula komanso kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha dzimbiri pakati pa granular.
Machubu 5 a ASTM A213 TP321 Osapanga Chitsulo
Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha TP321 ndichitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha austenitic chokhazikika, yopangidwa kuti itetezemvula ya carbide pa kutentha kwakukulu.
Makhalidwe Ofunika
Kukhazikika kwabwino kwambiri kutentha
Kulimbana bwino ndi dzimbiri la intergranular
Mphamvu yabwino yoyenda
Mapulogalamu Odziwika
Ma boiler otentha kwambiri
Machubu a Superheater
Makina osinthira kutentha
Chifukwa cha kukhazikika kwake,TP321 imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale opanga magetsi komanso m'mafakitale otentha kwambiri.
Machubu 6 a ASTM A213 TP347 ndi TP347H Osapanga Chitsulo
Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha TP347 ndiniobium yokhazikika, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zinthu zikhale bwinokukana kukwawa ndi mphamvu yotentha kwambiri.
Kapangidwe ka Mankhwala (Kawirikawiri)
| Chinthu | Zomwe zili mkati (%) |
| Mpweya | ≤0.08 |
| Chromium | 17 - 19 |
| Fakitoli | 9 - 13 |
| Niobium | ≥10×C |
TP347H
TP347H ndimtundu wa kaboni wambiriyopangidwirautumiki wotentha kwambiri m'mafakitale amagetsi.
Mapulogalamu Odziwika
Machubu a Superheater
Mapaipi a nthunzi yothamanga kwambiri
Makina ophikira magetsi
Chifukwa cha makhalidwe ake abwino kwambiri otentha,Machubu achitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri a TP347H amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'makina amakono opangira magetsi.
7 Kuyerekeza kwa Magiredi a ASTM A213 Stainless Steel
| Katundu | TP304 | TP316 | TP321 | TP347 |
| Kukana Kudzikundikira | Zabwino | Zabwino kwambiri | Zabwino | Zabwino |
| Kukana Kutentha Kwambiri | Wocheperako | Wocheperako | Pamwamba | Pamwamba Kwambiri |
| Chinthu Chokhazikika | Palibe | Mo | Ti | Nb |
| Ntchito Yachizolowezi | Zosinthira kutentha | Zomera zamankhwala | Maboiler | Malo opangira magetsi |
Kusankha chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri choyenera kumadalirakutentha kwa ntchito, malo okhala ndi dzimbiri, ndi zofunikira za makina.
8 Njira Yopangira Machubu a Chitsulo Chosapanga Dzimbiri a ASTM A213
Kupanga machubu achitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chapamwamba kumafuna njira zapamwamba zopangira.
Njira zodziwika bwino zopangira zinthu ndi izi:
Kusankha Billet ya Zitsulo
Ma billets achitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri apamwamba kwambiri amakonzedwa.
Njira Yoboola Yotentha
Ma billets amabowoledwa kuti apange machubu opanda mabowo opanda msoko.
Njira Yojambula Yozizira
Zimawongolera kulondola kwa miyeso ndi kutsirizika kwa pamwamba.
Chithandizo cha Kutentha kwa Yankho
Imabwezeretsa kukana dzimbiri ndi mphamvu zamakina.
Kuyendera ndi Kuyesa
Mayeso abwinobwino amaphatikizapo:
Kuyesa kwa hydrostatic
Kuyesa kwa akupanga
Kuyesa kwa Eddy kwamakono
Kusanthula kapangidwe ka mankhwala
Kuyesa katundu wa makina
Womic Steel imagwiritsa ntchito njira zopangira zapamwamba komanso njira zowunikira bwino kwambiri kuti zitsimikizire kuti machubu achitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri akukwaniritsa miyezo yapadziko lonse lapansi.
9 Kulekerera ndi Kulamulira Molondola
Machubu osinthira kutentha amafunika kulondola kwambiri.
| Chizindikiro | Mtengo Wamba |
| Kulekerera kwa OD | ± 0.05 – ± 0.10 mm |
| Kukhuthala kwa khoma | ± 7.5% |
| Kuwongoka | ≤1/1000 |
| Kuzungulira kwa mazira | ≤50% ya kulekerera kwa OD |
Kuwongolera molondola kumaonetsetsa kutiKusamutsa kutentha kokhazikika komanso kuyika kosavuta m'machubu osinthira kutentha.
10 Kusankha Chitsulo Chosapanga Chitsulo Choyenera
Posankha machubu achitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri a ASTM A213, mainjiniya ayenera kuganizira izi:
Kutentha kogwira ntchito
Malo okhala ndi dzimbiri
Zofunikira pa mphamvu ya makina
Zoyenera kutchinjiriza
Kugwiritsa ntchito bwino ndalama
Malangizo wamba ndi awa:
TP304kwa ntchito zonse zosinthira kutentha
TP316malo owononga
TP321za makina ophikira otentha kwambiri
TP347Hkugwiritsa ntchito magetsi otentha kwambiri
Wopanga machubu odalirika angaperekechithandizo chaukadaulo chothandiza kusankha mtundu woyenera kwambiri wa chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri.
Chitsulo cha Womic - Wopanga Chitsulo Chosapanga Dzimbiri Wopanga Machubu
Womic Steel ndi wopanga akatswiri omwe amagwira ntchito yodziwika bwinomachubu osapanga dzimbiri opanda msoko, machubu a boiler, machubu osinthira kutentha, machubu olondola okokedwa ozizira, ndi machubu achitsulo chosakanikiranaza mapulojekiti a mafakitale apadziko lonse lapansi.
Ndi zida zapamwamba zopangira komanso njira zowongolera bwino kwambiri, Womic Steel imapereka mayankho a mapaipi ogwira ntchito bwino omwe amagwirizana ndi miyezo yayikulu yapadziko lonse lapansi kuphatikizaASTM A213, ASTM A192, ASTM A210, ASTM A335, ndi EN10216.
Monga wopanga machubu a boiler wodziwa bwino ntchito, Womic Steel imapereka zinthu zosiyanasiyana kuphatikizapoMachubu a ASTM A213 TP304, TP316, TP321, TP347 achitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, machubu a boiler osapinda, ndi machubu osinthira kutentha.
Zinthu zimenezi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mumafakitale amagetsi, malo opangira mafuta, ma boiler a mafakitale, ndi makina osinthira kutentha.
Womic Steel imatetezakulondola kwabwino kwambiri, mawonekedwe okhazikika a makina, komanso kutumiza kodalirika pa ntchito iliyonse.
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