1. Womic Steel: Mphamvu Zopangira ndi Mphamvu za Kampani
Womic Steel Group ndi kampani yopanga zinthu zapamwamba komanso yotumiza kunja padziko lonse lapansi yokhala ndi zaka zoposa 20 zaukadaulo popanga zinthu zopangidwa ndi kaboni, aloyi, ndi zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri. Malo athu opangira mapaipi a ERW apamwamba kwambiri ali ndi mphamvu yopangira zinthu zopitilira matani 15,000 pamwezi za mapaipi achitsulo olumikizidwa ndi mphamvu zamagetsi.
Kukula kwa Kupanga kwa EN 10217 P235GH ERW Pipe:M'mimba mwake wakunja kuyambira 21.3mm mpaka 610mm (1/2 inchi mpaka 24 inchi) ndi makulidwe a khoma kuyambira 2.0mm mpaka 20.0mm. Kutalika kwachisawawa kwa 6m, kutalika kawiri kwachisawawa kwa 12m, kapena kutalika kosinthidwa ngati pakufunika.
Zitsimikizo Zaubwino & Kutsatira Malamulo:
ISO 9001:2015 Satifiketi:Dongosolo loyang'anira khalidwe labwino likuwonetsetsa kuti zinthu zonse zikuyenda bwino nthawi zonse.
Kulemba kwa CE (PED 2014/68/EU):Kutsatira kwathunthu malangizo a European Pressure Equipment Directive pakugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu. Kulemba chizindikiro cha CE ndi Chidziwitso cha Kuchita bwino (DoP) kunapereka mwayi wovomerezeka pamsika wa ku Europe.
Chitsimikizo cha EN 10204 3.2:Satifiketi Yoyang'anira 3.2 yovomerezedwa ndi TÜV, LR, BV, kapena SGS pakugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yofunikira yomwe imafuna kutsatiridwa kwathunthu.
Kuvomerezedwa kwa Kuyang'anira kwa Gulu Lachitatu (TPI):Zogulitsa ndi njira zovomerezeka ndi SGS, BV, ABS, LR, DNV, GL, ndi TÜV.
Zitsimikizo Zowonjezera:ISO 14001, ISO 45001 imapezeka ngati mupempha.
Kuzindikirika Padziko Lonse:Womic Steel ndi kampani yodalirika yopereka ma boiler, opanga ma pressure vessels, ma power plants, ndi ma petrochemical facilities, yomwe imatumikira mayiko opitilira 80 padziko lonse lapansi.
2. EN 10217 P235GH ERW Chitoliro chachitsulo: Kapangidwe ka zinthu ndi makhalidwe a ntchito
EN 10217 P235GH ndi chubu chachitsulo chosagwiritsa ntchito alloy chomwe chimapangidwa makamaka kuti chigwiritsidwe ntchito pa kutentha kwambiri. "P" imasonyeza cholinga cha kupanikizika, "235" imasonyeza mphamvu yocheperako ya 235 MPa, "G" imasonyeza mphamvu zotentha kwambiri, ndipo "H" imasonyeza kuyesa kwa hydraulic (kupanikizika kwa hydrostatic). Nambala ya giredi 1.0345 ndi dzina la manambala pansi pa EN 10027-2.
Poyerekeza ndi P265GH (265 MPa yield) ndi P355GH (355 MPa yield), P235GH imapereka mphamvu zabwino pa kutentha kwapakati pomwe imapereka kusinthasintha kwabwino komanso kupangika bwino. P235GH ndi yoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosalekeza pa kutentha mpaka 400°C, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale chisankho chabwino kwambiri cha ma boiler drums, heat exchangers, ndi ma pressure vessels omwe ali ndi kutentha kwapakati.
EN 10217 P235GH ERW Chitoliro cha Chitoliro cha Chitsulo (Kusanthula kwa Chidebe, % ndi kulemera):
| Chinthu | C max | Si max | Mn max | P max | S max | Cr max | Cu max | Mo mo yokwanira | Ni max |
| P235GH | 0.16 | 0.35 | 1.20 | 0.025 | 0.020 | 0.30 | 0.30 | 0.10 | 0.30 |
*Zindikirani: Kuchuluka kwa aluminiyamu (Al) kuyenera kukhala kochepera 0.020%. Chiwerengero chonse cha Cr+Cu+Mo+Ni sichiyenera kupitirira 0.70%. Kuchuluka kwa mpweya wochepa komanso kutsika kwa aloyi kumatsimikizira kusunthika bwino komanso kupangika bwino popanga zida zopanikizika.*
EN 10217 P235GH ERW Chitoliro cha Chitsulo Katundu wa Makina (Kutentha kwa Chipinda):
| Kukhuthala kwa Khoma (mm) | Mphamvu Yopereka (mphindi) | Kulimba kwamakokedwe | Kutalika (mphindi) |
| t ≤ 16mm | 235 MPa | 360-500 MPa | 24% |
| 16mm < t ≤ 40mm | 225 MPa | 360-500 MPa | 24% |
| 40mm < t ≤ 60mm | 215 MPa | 360-500 MPa | 23% |
Dziwani: P235GH imasunga mphamvu yothandiza mpaka 400°C. Pa kutentha kwakukulu (kupitirira 400°C), P265GH kapena mitundu ya alloy monga 16Mo3 ndi yomwe ikulimbikitsidwa.
EN 10217 P235GH Chitoliro cha Chitsulo cha ERW Mphamvu Yotulutsa Kutentha Kwambiri:
| Kutentha (°C) | 100 | 200 | 300 | 350 | 400 |
| Mphamvu Yotulutsa (MPa) | 225 | 190 | 170 | 165 | 155 |
Zindikirani: Mitengo iyi ikuyimira mphamvu yocheperako yopezera mphamvu pa kutentha kwakukulu, zomwe zikusonyeza kuti P235GH ndi yoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito ma boiler ndi chosinthira kutentha.
EN 10217 P235GH ERW Kapangidwe ka Chitoliro cha Chitsulo:
| Malangizo Oyesera | Kutentha | Mphamvu Yapakati (mphindi) | Mphamvu ya Munthu Payekha (mphindi) |
| Longitudinal | 0°C | Ma Joule 27 | Ma Joule 20 |
| Zosintha | 0°C | Ma Joule 27 | Ma Joule 20 |
*Zindikirani: Kuyesa mphamvu ndikofunikira pa P235GH motsatira EN 10217-2. Pa kutentha kochepa komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pansi pa 0°C, P235GH nthawi zambiri siitchulidwa.*
3. EN 10217 P235GH ERW Chitoliro cha Chitoliro cha Miyeso ndi Kutsatira Miyezo
Womic Steel imapereka mapaipi a EN 10217 P235GH ERW pamitundu yosiyanasiyana, mogwirizana ndi muyezo wa EN 10217-2:2024.
| Chinthu | Kufotokozera |
| Muyezo | EN 10217-2:2024 (Machubu achitsulo olumikizidwa ndi mphamvu - Machubu achitsulo osagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zitsulo ndi zitsulo zokhala ndi mphamvu zotentha kwambiri) |
| Giredi | P235GH (1.0345) |
| Njira Yopangira | Kuwotcherera kwa Magetsi Okana Kugwira Ntchito (ERW) / Kuwotcherera kwa Ma Frequency Ambiri (HFW) |
| Kunja kwa Makulidwe Aakulu | 21.3mm – 610mm (1/2 inchi – 24 inchi) |
| Makulidwe a Wall | 2.0mm – 20.0mm |
| Utali | 6m (SR), 12m (DR), kapena kutalika kwapadera mpaka 18m |
| Mkhalidwe Wotumizira | Monga cholukidwa / Chokhazikika (+N) |
| Mapeto Omaliza | Mapeto Opanda Chilema (PE) / Mapeto Okhala ndi Beveled (BE) |
| Kumaliza Pamwamba | Wopanda kanthu / Wopaka Mafuta / Wokutidwa ndi Wakuda |
| Gulu Loyendera | TC1 (2.2 cert) / TC2 (3.1 cert yokhala ndi NDT) |
| Kulekerera | OD: ±1.0% / WIT: ±10% / Kutalika: +50mm -0mm |
4. Miyeso ndi Mafotokozedwe Omwe Akupezeka - Chitoliro cha Chitsulo cha ERW
| NB | Kukula | OD mm | SCH40S mm | SCH5S mm | SCH10S mm | SCH10 mm | SCH20 mm | SCH40 mm | SCH60 mm | XS/80S mm | SCH80 mm | SCH100 mm | SCH120 mm | SCH140 mm | SCH160 mm | SCHXXS mm |
| 6 | 1/8” | 10.29 | 1.24 | 1.73 | 2.41 | |||||||||||
| 8 | 1/4” | 13.72 | 1.65 | 2.24 | 3.02 | |||||||||||
| 10 | 3/8” | 17.15 | 1.65 | 2.31 | 3.20 | |||||||||||
| 15 | 1/2” | 21.34 | 2.77 | 1.65 | 2.11 | 2.77 | 3.73 | 3.73 | 4.78 | 7.47 | ||||||
| 20 | 3/4” | 26.67 | 2.87 | 1.65 | 2.11 | 2.87 | 3.91 | 3.91 | 5.56 | 7.82 | ||||||
| 25 | 1” | 33.40 | 3.38 | 1.65 | 2.77 | 3.38 | 4.55 | 4.55 | 6.35 | 9.09 | ||||||
| 32 | 1 1/4” | 42.16 | 3.56 | 1.65 | 2.77 | 3.56 | 4.85 | 4.85 | 6.35 | 9.70 | ||||||
| 40 | 1 1/2” | 48.26 | 3.68 | 1.65 | 2.77 | 3.68 | 5.08 | 5.08 | 7.14 | 10.15 | ||||||
| 50 | 2” | 60.33 | 3.91 | 1.65 | 2.77 | 3.91 | 5.54 | 5.54 | 9.74 | 11.07 | ||||||
| 65 | 2 1/2” | 73.03 | 5.16 | 2.11 | 3.05 | 5.16 | 7.01 | 7.01 | 9.53 | 14.02 | ||||||
| 80 | 3” | 88.90 | 5.49 | 2.11 | 3.05 | 5.49 | 7.62 | 7.62 | 11.13 | 15.24 | ||||||
| 90 | 3 1/2” | 101.60 | 5.74 | 2.11 | 3.05 | 5.74 | 8.08 | 8.08 | ||||||||
| 100 | 4” | 114.30 | 6.02 | 2.11 | 3.05 | 6.02 | 8.56 | 8.56 | 11.12 | 13.49 | 17.12 | |||||
| 125 | 5” | 141.30 | 6.55 | 2.77 | 3.40 | 6.55 | 9.53 | 9.53 | 12.70 | 15.88 | 19.05 | |||||
| 150 | 6” | 168.27 | 7.11 | 2.77 | 3.40 | 7.11 | 10.97 | 10.97 | 14.27 | 18.26 | 21.95 | |||||
| 200 | 8” | 219.08 | 8.18 | 2.77 | 3.76 | 6.35 | 8.18 | 10.31 | 12.70 | 12.70 | 15.09 | 19.26 | 20.62 | 23.01 | 22.23 | |
| 250 | 10” | 273.05 | 9.27 | 3.40 | 4.19 | 6.35 | 9.27 | 12.70 | 12.70 | 15.09 | 19.26 | 21.44 | 25.40 | 28.58 | 25.40 | |
| 300 | 12” | 323.85 | 9.53 | 3.96 | 4.57 | 6.35 | 10.31 | 14.27 | 12.70 | 17.48 | 21.44 | 25.40 | 28.58 | 33.32 | 25.40 | |
| 350 | 14” | 355.60 | 9.53 | 3.96 | 4.78 | 6.35 | 7.92 | 11.13 | 15.09 | 12.70 | 19.05 | 23.83 | 27.79 | 31.75 | 35.71 | |
| 400 | 16” | 406.40 | 9.53 | 4.19 | 4.78 | 6.35 | 7.92 | 12.70 | 16.66 | 12.70 | 21.44 | 26.19 | 30.96 | 36.53 | 40.49 | |
| 450 | 18” | 457.20 | 9.53 | 4.19 | 4.78 | 6.35 | 7.92 | 14.27 | 19.05 | 12.70 | 23.83 | 29.36 | 34.93 | 39.67 | 45.24 | |
| 500 | 20” | 508.00 | 9.53 | 4.78 | 5.54 | 6.35 | 9.53 | 15.09 | 20.62 | 12.70 | 26.19 | 32.54 | 38.10 | 44.45 | 50.01 | |
| 550 | 22” | 558.80 | 9.53 | 4.78 | 5.54 | 6.35 | 9.53 | 22.23 | 12.70 | 28.58 | 34.93 | 41.28 | 47.63 | 53.98 | ||
| 600 | 24” | 609.60 | 9.53 | 5.54 | 6.35 | 6.35 | 9.53 | 17.48 | 24.61 | 12.70 | 30.96 | 38.89 | 46.02 | 52.37 | 59.54 | |
| 650 | 26” | 660.40 | 9.53 | 7.92 | 12.70 | 12.70 |
Dziwani: Kupezeka kwa makulidwe a khoma kumatha kusiyana kutengera kukula kwa chitoliro ndi luso lopanga. Miyeso yapadera kunja kwa mtundu uwu imapezeka mukapempha.
5. Miyezo Yofanana ya Mapaipi a Chitsulo cha ERW Yopangidwa ndi Womic Steel
| Muyezo | Magiredi Okhazikika | Ntchito Yachizolowezi |
| API 5L (Kufotokozera kwa Chitoliro cha Mzere) | ||
| API 5L PSL1 / PSL2 | GR.B, X42, X52, X60, X65, X70 | Kutumiza mafuta ndi gasi, mapaipi a m'mphepete mwa nyanja/kunja kwa nyanja |
| Chitoliro cha Mzere wa ASTM & Chitoliro Chomangira | ||
| ASTM A53 (Kufotokozera kwa Chitoliro, Chitsulo, Chakuda ndi Choviikidwa ndi Moto, Chokutidwa ndi Zinc, Cholukidwa ndi Chopanda Msoko) | GR.A, GR.B | Madzi, gasi, nthunzi, mpweya, kapangidwe kake |
| ASTM A135 (Kufotokozera kwa Chitoliro cha Chitsulo Cholimba ndi Cholimba ndi Magetsi) | GR.A, GR.B | Ntchito za madzi, gasi, nthunzi, ndi mafakitale oyeretsera |
| ASTM A252 (Kufotokozera kwa Mapaipi a Chitsulo Osenda ndi Opanda Msoko) | GR.1, GR.2, GR.3 | Kuyika maziko, kuyika m'madzi, maziko a mlatho |
| ASTM A500 (Kufotokozera kwa Machubu Opangidwa ndi Chitsulo cha Carbon Chozizira Chopangidwa ndi Wofewa komanso Chopanda Msoko) | GR.A, GR.B, GR.C | Mapaipi omangira nyumba, mafelemu omangira nyumba, milatho |
| ASTM A501 (Kufotokozera kwa Machubu Opangidwa ndi Chitsulo cha Carbon Chotentha Chopangidwa ndi Wofewa komanso Chopanda Msoko) | GR.A, GR.B | Ntchito zolemera zomangira, mizati, ma trusses |
| Chosinthira Boiler ndi Kutentha cha ASTM (ERW) | ||
| ASTM A178 (Kufotokozera kwa Chitsulo cha Carbon Cholimba ndi Cholimba ndi Machubu a Boiler a Chitsulo cha Carbon-Manganese) | Giredi A, C, D | Machubu a boiler, machubu a superheater |
| ASTM A214 (Mafotokozedwe a Chitsulo cha Carbon Chotenthetsera ndi Machubu a Condenser Osagonjetsedwa ndi Magetsi) | — | Zosinthira kutentha, zoziziritsa kutentha |
| ASTM A250 (Mafotokozedwe a Boiler ya Chitsulo cha Ferritic Alloy Chosagwira Ntchito ndi Magetsi ndi Machubu a Superheater) | T1, T2, T5, T9, T11, T22 | Boiler yotentha kwambiri komanso superheater |
| ASTM A334 (Mafotokozedwe a Machubu a Kaboni ndi Chitsulo Chopanda Msoko ndi Cholumikizidwa cha Utumiki Wotentha Kwambiri) | GR.1, GR.3, GR.6 | Utumiki wotentha pang'ono, cryogenic |
| Miyezo ya EN / DIN / BS | ||
| EN 10217-1 (Machubu achitsulo olumikizidwa ndi mphamvu - Machubu achitsulo osagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zinthu zokhala ndi kutentha kwa chipinda) | P235TR1, P265TR1 | Ziwiya zopondereza, ma drama a boiler, mapaipi opondereza kwambiri |
| EN 10217-2 (Machubu achitsulo olumikizidwa ndi zokakamiza - Machubu achitsulo osagwiritsa ntchito alloy ndi alloy okhala ndi kutentha kokwera) | P235GH, P265GH, P295GH, P355GH | Kutentha kokwera, machubu a boiler, zosinthira kutentha |
| EN 10219-1 (Zigawo zopanda kanthu zopangidwa ndi chitsulo chosungunuka chozizira) | S235JRH, S275J0H, S275J2H, S355J0H, S355J2H, S355K2H | Ntchito zomanga nyumba, kumanga nyumba, milatho |
| EN 10210 (Zigawo zotentha zopangidwa ndi zitsulo zopanda aloyi ndi tirigu wabwino) | S235JRH, S275J0H, S275J2H, S355J0H, S355J2H, S355K2H S420MH, S460MH | Zigawo zotentha zopanda msoko/zowotcherera zogwiritsidwa ntchito popanga nyumba, kumanga nyumba, milatho |
| EN 10025-2 (Zopangidwa ndi zitsulo zomangidwa ndi moto - zitsulo zomangidwa ndi zosagwiritsidwa ntchito) | S235JR, S275JR, S355JR, | Ntchito zachitsulo zomangira nyumba, uinjiniya wa zomangamanga |
| EN 10255 (Machubu achitsulo osagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati alloy oyenera kuwotcherera ndi kuluka ulusi) | S195T, S235JRTH | Madzi, gasi, zimbudzi, mapaipi opangidwa ndi ulusi |
| EN 10305-2 (Machubu achitsulo ogwiritsira ntchito molondola - Machubu ozizira okokedwa ndi welded) | E215, E235, E355 | Kugwiritsa ntchito bwino kwambiri, masilinda a hydraulic |
| BS 1387 (Kufotokozera za machubu achitsulo ndi machubu opindika ndi opindika) | Kalasi A, B, C | Madzi, gasi, nthunzi, chitoliro cholumikizira, chitoliro cholumikizidwa |
| DIN 2458 (Machubu ndi zolumikizira zachitsulo zolumikizidwa - Mikhalidwe yonse yaukadaulo yotumizira) | St37.0, St44.0, St52.0 | Machubu achitsulo ambiri ovekedwa, ntchito zomangira |
| Miyezo ya ISO ndi Miyezo Ina | ||
| ISO 3183 (Mafakitale a Petroli ndi Gasi - Mapaipi achitsulo a machitidwe oyendera mapaipi) | L245, L290, L360, L415 | Mapaipi a mafuta ndi gasi (ofanana ndi ISO ya API 5L) |
| ISO 65 (Machubu achitsulo a madzi, gasi, ndi zimbudzi - Machubu opindika) | Wapakati, Wolemera | Madzi, gasi, zimbudzi, chitoliro cholumikizidwa ndi ulusi |
| CSA G40.21 (Chitsulo chapamwamba cha kapangidwe kake - muyezo waku Canada) | 44W, 50W | Ntchito zomanga nyumba (Canada) |
| AS 1163 (Zigawo zopanda dzenje zachitsulo - muyezo waku Australia) | C250, C350, C450 | Zigawo zopanda kanthu (Australia) |
| GOST 10706 (Mapaipi achitsulo olumikizidwa a mapaipi ndi nyumba - muyezo waku Russia) | St20, St35, St45 | Mapaipi, ntchito zomangira (Russia) |
Kagwiritsidwe:Kutumiza mafuta ndi gasi, madzi ndi zimbudzi, mapulojekiti omanga, kukonza ma scaffolding, maziko oyikamo zinthu, madzi othamanga kwambiri, kukonza mankhwala, kupanga magetsi, zomangamanga, uinjiniya wa m'madzi, machubu a boiler, zosinthira kutentha, ma superheater, ma condenser, ntchito yotsika kutentha, kugwiritsa ntchito molondola, masilinda a hydraulic, makina a mapaipi opangidwa ndi ulusi
6. Njira Yopangira - Chitoliro cha Chitsulo cha ERW / HFW
Kuyang'anira Zinthu Zopangira:Ma coil achitsulo omwe akubwera amatsimikiziridwa kuti ali ndi kapangidwe ka mankhwala, mawonekedwe a makina, komanso mtundu wa pamwamba. Coil iliyonse imapatsidwa nambala yapadera ya kutentha kuti itsatidwe bwino.
Kutsegula ndi Kulinganiza:Ma coil amatsegulidwa ndi kulinganizidwa kuti aphwanyike mzerewo ndikuchotsa coil yomwe yayikidwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosalala bwino kuti zipangidwe bwino.
Kupukuta ndi Kudula Mphepete:Mphepete zonse ziwiri za mzerewu zimaphwanyidwa bwino kwambiri (± 0.5mm), zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale malo oyera komanso ofanana kuti pakhale chotchingira chapamwamba kwambiri.
Kupanga Kozizira:Mzere wolinganizidwa umadutsa m'mapangidwe a mipukutu yomwe pang'onopang'ono imapanga mzere wosalala kukhala chipolopolo cha chubu chotseguka chozungulira.
Kuwotcherera kwa Mafupipafupi Kwambiri (HFW/ERW):Mphamvu yamagetsi yamphamvu kwambiri (200-500 kHz) imatenthetsa m'mphepete mwa matiresi mpaka kutentha kwa forging (1,350-1,500°C). Ma roll a Finyani amakanikiza m'mphepete mwa matiresi pamodzi, ndikupanga forging weld yopanda zinthu zodzaza.
Kuchotsa Mkanda Wolukidwa:Kuwala kwamkati ndi kwakunja kumachotsedwa ndi masamba opaka makabati pamene kuli kotentha, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pamwamba pake pakhale posalala komanso powonjezera pang'ono.
Kukula:Chubu cholumikizidwa chimadutsa m'ma roll okulirapo kuti chikhale ndi OD yolondola (± 0.5% mpaka ± 1.0%). Ma roll ena amapanga mawonekedwe a sikweya/amakona anayi ngati pakufunika.
Kutentha (Mwasankha):Kukhazikitsa kutentha pa 890-930°C kungagwiritsidwe ntchito kuti pakhale kusinthasintha kapena kuchepetsa kupsinjika, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ferrite-pearlite microstructure ikhale yofanana.
Kudula Motalika:Chitoliro chimadulidwa kutalika koyenera pogwiritsa ntchito macheka odulira owuluka ndi njira yowongolera molondola (±3mm).
Kuyesa Kosawononga:
●Kuyesa kwa Ultrasonic (UT):Kuyang'ana 100% kwa msoko wothira ndi thupi la chitoliro kuti muwone ngati pali ma lamination, zinthu zomwe zili mkati mwake, komanso ngati palibe kusakanikirana.
●Kuyesa kwa Eddy Current (ET):Kuwunika kopitilira khalidwe la weld pa intaneti.
●Kuyesa kwa Madzi:Chitoliro chilichonse chinayesedwa mpaka 95% ya SMYS kwa masekondi osachepera 10.
Kumaliza Kumaliza:Malekezero opanda kanthu, malekezero opindika (30°-35° okhala ndi 1.6mm landing), kapena malekezero opindika malinga ndi zomwe kasitomala akufuna.
Kuyang'anira ndi Kulemba Komaliza:Kuyang'ana kooneka, kutsimikizira kwa miyeso (OD, WT, kutalika, kulunjika), ndi chizindikiro chokhazikika pa muyezo uliwonse (giredi, kukula, nambala ya kutentha, wopanga).
7. Njira Zowongolera Ubwino ndi Kuyesa
| Gawo | Njira Yowunikira | Cholinga |
| Zopangira | Kusanthula kwa Mankhwala (OES Spectrometer) | Tsimikizirani kuti mukutsatira malire a API 5L |
| Zopangira | Kuyesa Kwamphamvu | Tsimikizani kukwera, mphamvu yokoka, kutalika |
| Mukukonzekera | Kuyang'anira Miyeso (Ma Micrometer, Ma Calipers) | Monitor OD, WT panthawi yopanga ndi kukula |
| Malo Osefera | Kuyesa kwa Ultrasonic (UT) - Pa intaneti | Dziwani kusagwirizana kwa weld, kusowa kwa fusion |
| Malo Osefera | Kuyesa kwa Eddy Current (ET) - Pa intaneti | Kuwunika kopitilira kwa msoko wowotcherera |
| Malo Osefera | Kufufuza kwa Macro-Seam kwa Weld Seam | Tsimikizani kulowa kwa weld ndi fusion geometry |
| Chitoliro Chomalizidwa | Kuyesa kwa Hydrostatic (mphindi 10 pa 95% SMYS) | Tsimikizirani kulimba kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi kulimba kwa kutayikira kwa madzi |
| Chitoliro Chomalizidwa | Kuyesa kwa Ultrasonic (UT) - Kulibe Intaneti (Mwasankha) | Kuyang'ana laminar ya thupi lonse |
| Chitoliro Chomalizidwa | Kuyang'anira Tinthu ta Magnetic (MPI) | Kuzindikira ming'alu pamwamba (kuwotcherera ndi HAZ) |
| Chitoliro Chomalizidwa | Mayeso a Charpy V-Notch Impact | Tsimikizani kulimba kwa kutentha kochepa (PSL2) |
| Chitoliro Chomalizidwa | Mayeso a Kuuma (HRC / HV10) | Tsimikizani malire okhwima kwambiri (ntchito yowawasa) |
| Chitoliro Chomalizidwa | Mayeso Otsogozedwa (Nkhope ndi Muzu) | Tsimikizirani kulimba kwa weld komanso kulimba kwake |
| Chitoliro Chomalizidwa | Mayeso Ophwanyika | Tsimikizirani kuti thupi la chitoliro ndi lolimba komanso lolimba |
| Chitoliro Chomalizidwa | Kuyang'anira Magawo ndi Zowoneka | Tsimikizirani OD, WT, kutalika, kulunjika, ndi khalidwe la pamwamba |
| Chitoliro Chomalizidwa | Kutsimikizira Zizindikiro | Onetsetsani kuti chizindikiro chokhazikika chili pa API 5L iliyonse |
Mayeso Owonjezera a PSL2 / Sour Service:
● Kuyesa kwa HIC (Hydrogen Induced Cracking) pa NACE TM0284
● Mayeso a SSC (Sulfide Stress Cracking) pa NACE TM0177 Njira A
● Kuyesa kwa CVN pa -10°C, -20°C, kapena -46°C
● Kutsimikizira Kulimba (≤ 22 HRC / ≤ 248 HV10 kuti ikhale yolimba ku HIC)
Zolemba Zabwino:
● Satifiketi Yoyesera ya Mill malinga ndi EN 10204 Mtundu 2.2, 3.1, kapena 3.2
● Lipoti Loyesa Madzi (paipi ndi paipi)
● Lipoti Loyang'anira UT / ET
Kutsatira kuchokera ku chiwerengero cha kutentha kupita ku chitoliro chomalizidwa
8. Mapulogalamu Oyambirira a Chitoliro cha Chitsulo cha ERW
Mapaipi a ERW ndi ofunikira kwambiri pa kutumiza mafuta ndi gasi komanso ntchito zosiyanasiyana zamafakitale:
Kutumiza Mafuta ndi Gasi:Mapaipi akutali a m'mphepete mwa nyanja ndi m'mphepete mwa nyanja opangira mafuta osakonzedwa, gasi wachilengedwe, ndi zinthu zopangidwa ndi mafuta oyeretsedwa.
Kuyendera Madzi Othamanga Kwambiri:Mizere yothira madzi, njira zotulutsira madzi zopangidwa, komanso kusamutsa madzi othamanga kwambiri m'mafakitale amafuta ndi malo opangira mafuta.
Mapulojekiti a Mapaipi Omwe Ali M'mphepete mwa Nyanja:Mizere yosonkhanitsira zinthu m'madera osiyanasiyana, mizere ya trunk, ndi mapaipi ogawa mafuta ndi gasi.
Machitidwe a Mapaipi Opita Kunja kwa Nyanja:Mayendedwe a pansi pa nyanja, zokwezera, ndi mapaipi otumizira kunja kwa mapulatifomu akunja ndi kumalizidwa kwa pansi pa nyanja (ndi PSL2 ndi njira zina zoperekera chithandizo).
Malo Ochitira Ntchito Zovuta:Mapaipi ogwiritsira ntchito mpweya wonyowa (wokhala ndi H₂S) omwe amafunikira PSL2 yokhala ndi zofunikira zina kuphatikizapo kukana kwa HIC ndi SSC motsatira miyezo ya NACE.
Kutumiza Madzi:Mapaipi operekera madzi akuluakulu, njira zothirira, ndi njira zotumizira madzi osaphika kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito m'matauni ndi m'mafakitale.
Kusamalira Madzi Otayira ndi Zinyalala:Mapaipi otulutsira madzi otayira, mapaipi oyeretsera madzi, ndi njira zoyendetsera matope.
Ntchito Zopangira Kapangidwe ka Mafakitale:Ma raki a mapaipi, zothandizira, zothandizira, ndi zida zomangira m'mafakitale oyeretsera, mafakitale a petrochemical, ndi mafakitale.
Malo Opangira Mafuta ndi Gasi:Mizere yoyendera, mitu, manifold, ndi mapaipi olumikizirana m'mafakitale opangira zinthu ndi malo oyeretsera.
Mapaipi a EPC ndi Plant:Mapaipi opangira zinthu ndi ntchito m'malo opangira mafuta, mafakitale opangira gasi, malo opangira mankhwala, ndi malo opangira magetsi.
9. Kulongedza ndi Kutumiza
Mapaipi a ERW amapakidwa ndi kutumizidwa mosamala kwambiri kuti atetezedwe panthawi yoyenda. Nayi kufotokozera kwa njira yopakira ndi kutumiza:
Kupaka:
Chophimba Choteteza:Musanapake mapaipi, mapaipi amatha kupakidwa mafuta oletsa dzimbiri kapena varnish yoteteza kuti asawonongeke pamwamba ndi kusungunuka kwa okosijeni panthawi yosungira ndi kunyamula. Mapeto opanda kanthu amapezekanso kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito nthawi yomweyo pamalo omwe mukufuna.
Kusonkhanitsa:Mapaipi ofanana kukula ndi zofunikira amamangiriridwa pamodzi mosamala m'mabatani a hexagonal kapena amakona anayi. Amamangiriridwa pogwiritsa ntchito zingwe zachitsulo (nthawi zambiri zingwe 3-5 pa mtolo uliwonse) kuti asayende mkati mwa mtolo.
Mapeto a Zipewa:Zipewa zapulasitiki (PE kapena PP) zimayikidwa kumapeto onse a chitoliro chilichonse kuti ziteteze malekezero opindika, malekezero osalala, ndi maulumikizidwe a ulusi ku kuwonongeka kwa kugundana, kulowa kwa zinyalala, ndi chinyezi.
Kuphimba ndi Kuphimba:Pa maoda apamwamba kwambiri otumizira kunja, zipangizo zomangira monga mphete za thovu kapena zingwe za rabara zingagwiritsidwe ntchito pakati pa zigawo za mapaipi kuti zisawonongeke ndi kuwonongeka kwa chophimba panthawi yogwira ntchito.
Mabokosi kapena Mabokosi a Matabwa:Pa mapaipi okhala ndi makoma ochepa, machubu olondola, kapena maoda apamwamba ophikira, mapaipi amatha kupakidwa m'mabokosi olimba amatabwa kapena m'mabokosi a plywood kuti apereke chitetezo chowonjezereka ku mphamvu zakunja ndi kugwiridwa molakwika.
Manyamulidwe:
Njira Yoyendera:Mapaipi amatumizidwa kudzera m'zombo zonyamulira (20ft/40ft), zonyamulira katundu wambiri, kapena katundu wa sitima kutengera komwe akupita, kuchuluka kwake, ndi kufunikira kwake. Kunyamula katundu wa pandege kulipo kuti kutumizidwe zitsanzo kapena nthawi yake.
Kuyika zinthu mu chidebe:Maoda ang'onoang'ono mpaka apakatikati odzazidwa m'zidebe zotumizira zokhazikika, kuteteza katundu ku nyengo, chinyezi, ndi zodetsa zakunja panthawi yoyenda.
Kukweza Chombo Chambiri:Maoda akuluakulu (nthawi zambiri okwana matani 200) amaikidwa mwachindunji m'zonyamulira katundu wolemera. Matabwa onyamulira ndi mipiringidzo yofalitsira katundu amateteza kuwonongeka; amachotsa ndi kutsekereza katundu wotetezeka kuti asayende panyanja.
Zolemba ndi Zolemba:Mtolo uliwonse wolembedwa bwino ndi giredi, muyezo, miyeso, nambala ya kutentha, ndi malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito. Zikalata zonse (invoice yamalonda, mndandanda wolongedza, bilu ya katundu, Satifiketi Yoyambira, Zikalata Zoyesera za Mill) zokonzedwa kuti zitheke mosavuta.
Kusunga Motetezeka:Mapaketi omangidwa ndi zingwe zachitsulo, matumba a dunnage, kapena zomangira matabwa kuti apewe kusuntha, kugubuduzika, kapena kuwonongeka panthawi yoyenda.
Kutsata ndi Inshuwalansi:Manambala otsatirira chidebe amaperekedwa kuti aziyang'anira nthawi yeniyeni. Inshuwaransi ya katundu wa m'madzi (Zoopsa Zonse kapena Pa avareji) imapezeka mukapempha.
Mwachidule, Womic Steel imaonetsetsa kuti mapaipi onse a ERW Steel apakidwa ndi njira zodzitetezera zotsogola m'makampani ndipo amatumizidwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira zodalirika zoyendera kuti akafike komwe akupita ali bwino. Njira zoyenera zopakira ndi kutumiza ndizofunikira kwambiri kuti zinthu zomwe zaperekedwa zisungidwe bwino komanso zabwino.
10. Ubwino ndi Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri pa Chitsulo cha Womic
N’chifukwa Chiyani Muyenera Kugwirizana ndi Womic Steel?
Sitolo Yogulitsira Zinthu Pamodzi:Kuchokera ku mapaipi a API 5L ERW mpaka ku zolumikizira mapaipi za OEM zofanana (Zigongono, Ma Tee, Zochepetsera, Ma Flanges, Ma Caps) mu mitundu yogwirizana ya zinthu, kuphatikiza chitsulo cha carbon, chitsulo cha alloy, ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri.
Kutsatira Malamulo a Zaukadaulo:Zikalata Zoyeserera Zonse za Mill (EN 10204 Type 2.2, 3.1, kapena 3.2) zimaperekedwa ndi kutumiza kulikonse, zomwe zimafotokoza bwino kapangidwe ka mankhwala, zotsatira za mayeso a makina, ndi malipoti oyesa osawononga.
Ntchito Zowonjezera Mtengo:Ma beveling a kumapeto (30°-35°), ulusi ndi kulumikizana, kukhazikitsa zipewa za pulasitiki, ndi chophimba choletsa dzimbiri (FBE, 3LPE, 3LPP, Epoxy, Galvanizing) zomwe zimapezeka mkati kapena kudzera m'malo oyenerera ogwirizana nawo.
Kayendetsedwe ka Zinthu Kopikisana:Mgwirizano wanzeru ndi makampani otumiza katundu padziko lonse lapansi umaonetsetsa kuti katundu wonyamula katundu m'zidebe zonse ndi wabwino (kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa katundu pa chidebe chilichonse) komanso kutumiza katundu padziko lonse lapansi pamtengo wotsika komanso nthawi yodalirika yoyendera.
Zinthu Zosungidwa ndi Kupezeka Kwake:Kuchuluka kwa ma API 5L X52 kukula koyenera (2"-24" OD, Ndandanda 10-80) kumatsimikizira nthawi yochepa yoperekera chithandizo komanso kuyankha mwachangu ku zofunikira za polojekiti mwachangu. Ma size apadera amapangidwa pakafunika nthawi yoperekera chithandizo ya masiku 30-45.
Utumiki Wabwino Kwambiri:Mphamvu yonse yoperekera mapaipi a PSL2 okhala ndi mayeso a HIC ndi SSC motsatira miyezo ya NACE yogwiritsira ntchito mpweya wowawasa. Kulimba kumayendetsedwa mpaka ≤ 248 HV10 / ≤ 22 HRC.
Sankhani Womic Steel Group ngati mnzanu wodalirika wa mapaipi apamwamba a API 5L X52 ERW Steel ndi ntchito yabwino kwambiri yotumizira. Takulandirani kuti mufunse!
Webusaiti: www.womicsteel.com
Imelo: sales@womicsteel.com
Foni/WhatsApp/WeChat:
Victor: +86-15575100681
Jack: +86-18390957568
Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri (Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri)
Q: Kodi kusiyana pakati pa EN 10217 P235GH ndi EN 10216 P235GH ndi kotani?
A: EN 10217 zophimbacholukidwamachubu achitsulo (njira ya ERW/HFW), pomwe EN 10216 imaphimbawopanda msokoMachubu achitsulo. Miyezo yonse iwiri imafotokoza mtundu wa P235GH wokhala ndi zofunikira zofanana zamakemikolo ndi zamakanika. EN 10217 (yolumikizidwa) nthawi zambiri imakhala yotsika mtengo kwambiri ndipo imapezeka m'litali lalitali. EN 10216 (yopanda msoko) imafunika pakugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri kapena komwe msoko wolumikizidwa suloledwa ndi malamulo opangidwira. Pakugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri boiler ndi zombo zopanikizika, zonse ziwiri ndizovomerezeka; komabe, nthawi zambiri imakhala yosasunthika pa ntchito yofunika kwambiri yamphamvu kwambiri.
Q: Kodi kutentha kwakukulu kogwirira ntchito kwa P235GH ndi kotani?
A: P235GH ndi yoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosalekeza pa kutentha mpaka kufika pa400°CPa kutentha kwapakati pa 400°C ndi 500°C, P265GH kapena 16Mo3 (chitsulo chopangidwa ndi alloy) ndi yofunikira. Pa kutentha kwapamwamba kuposa 500°C, mitundu yapamwamba ya alloy monga 13CrMo4-5 kapena 10CrMo9-10 iyenera kuganiziridwa. Nthawi zonse funsani ma code ogwiritsira ntchito kapangidwe (EN 13445, ASME Section I, etc.) kuti mudziwe malire enieni a kutentha kutengera makulidwe a khoma ndi momwe ntchito ikuyendera.
Q: Kodi P235GH ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pa mapulogalamu a ASME Code?
A: P235GH siili m'gulu la ASME Gawo II (zofotokozera za zinthu za ASME). Komabe, imavomerezedwa kwambiri pamapulojekiti apadziko lonse lapansi motsatira miyezo ya EN. Pa ASME Code stamping, zinthu zofanana zimaphatikizapo SA-106 GR.B (yopanda msoko) kapena SA-53 GR.B (yolumikizidwa) yokhala ndi zinthu zofanana koma kapangidwe kosiyana kovomerezeka. Pamapulojekiti omwe akufuna zinthu za ASME, titha kupereka SA-106 GR.B kapena SA-178 GR.A ngati njira ina. Chonde perekani zomwe mukufuna kuti musankhe zinthu moyenera.
Q: Kodi kusiyana pakati pa P235GH ndi P265GH ndi kotani?
A: P235GH ili ndi mphamvu yocheperako yotulutsa mphamvu ya 235 MPa, pomwe P265GH ili ndi 265 MPa (mphamvu yokwera). P235GH imapereka kupangika bwino komanso kusinthasintha chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa kaboni kotsika (0.16% max vs 0.20% max). P235GH nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito poika kutentha/kupanikizika pang'ono (ma boiler drums, heat exchangers). P265GH imagwiritsidwa ntchito poika kuthamanga kwambiri komwe kumafunika mphamvu yowonjezera. Zonsezi zili ndi malire ofanana a kutentha (400°C).
Q: Ndi mayeso otani osawononga (NDT) omwe amafunikira pa EN 10217 P235GH?
A: Pa TC1 (Gawo Loyesa 1): Kuyang'ana kowoneka bwino ndi kuyesa kwa hydrostatic kumafunika. Pa TC2 (Gawo Loyesa 2): Kuyang'ana kowoneka bwino, kuyesa kwa hydrostatic, ndi kuyesa kosawononga 100% (UT kapena ET) kwa msoko wothira. Pakugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yofunikira, TC2 nthawi zambiri imatchulidwa. Womic Steel imatha kupereka milingo yonse ya TC1 ndi TC2. Pa satifiketi ya EN 10204 3.2, TC2 yokhala ndi umboni wa chipani chachitatu nthawi zambiri imafunika.
Q: Kodi kutalika kwakukulu komwe kulipo pa chitoliro cha EN 10217 P235GH ERW ndi kotani?
A: Timapereka kutalika kokhazikika kwa mamita 6 ndi mamita 12 (pafupifupi mapazi 20 ndi 40) kwa mainchesi mpaka 610mm (24"). Kwa mainchesi ang'onoang'ono (osakwana 168mm / 6"), kutalika kopangidwa mwamakonda mpaka mamita 18 (mapazi 60) kulipo ngati mungafune. Pa ma boiler ndi heat exchanger omwe amafunikira kutalika kwa U-bend, titha kulumikizana ndi malo ogwirira ntchito ogwirizana. Chonde perekani zofunikira zanu za kutalika.
Q: Kodi mungapereke chiyeso chachitatu cha mapaipi a EN 10217 P235GH?
A: Inde. Timalandira ndikuthandizira kuwunika kwa DNV, BV, SGS, TÜV, ABS, LR, kapena woimira aliyense wosankhidwa ndi kasitomala panthawi yopanga (kuona hydrotest, UT/ET, dimensional inspection) komanso isanatumizidwe. 3.2 Zikalata zowunikira zomwe zatsimikiziridwa ndi mabungwe ovomerezeka a chipani chachitatu zimaperekedwa nthawi zonse akafunsidwa. Kuti titsatire malangizo a zida zopanikizika ku Europe (PED), timapereka chizindikiro cha CE ndi Declaration of Performance (DoP).
Q: Kodi nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito mapaipi a EN 10217 P235GH ERW ndi yotani?
A: Nthawi yokhazikika yopezera katundu wa kukula kwa katundu (ma diameter wamba ndi makulidwe a khoma) ndi pafupifupi masiku 15-25. Kwa kukula komwe sikuli m'sitolo kapena kopangidwa mwamakonda, nthawi yopezera katundu ndi pafupifupi masiku 30-45 kuchokera pamene oda yatsimikizika. Pa TC2 yokhala ndi 100% NDT, onjezani masiku 5-10. Kuti muwonetsetse kuti mwalandira chithandizo (chitsimikizo cha 3.2), onjezani masiku 10-15 kuti mukonze nthawi ndi zolemba. Maoda ofulumira (masiku 15-20) angapezeke pa kuchuluka kochepa kwa kukula koyenera. Chonde titumizireni uthenga kuti mudziwe nthawi zomwe zilipo panopa.
Q: Ndi ziphaso ndi zikalata ziti zomwe mumapereka potumiza mapaipi a P235GH?
A: Kutumiza kulikonse kumaphatikizapo zikalata zonse: Satifiketi Yoyesera ya Mill malinga ndi EN 10204 Mtundu 3.1 (kapena Mtundu 2.2 / 3.2 mukapempha) kuphatikiza kapangidwe ka mankhwala, makhalidwe omangika, makhalidwe otentha kwambiri, ndi zotsatira za mayeso okhudzidwa; Lipoti Loyesa la Hydrostatic; Lipoti la NDT (UT/ET) la maoda a TC2; Lipoti Loyang'anira Dimensional; Kulemba kwa CE ndi Kulengeza Kuchita Bwino (DoP) pamsika waku Europe; Mndandanda Wolongedza; Invoice Yamalonda; Bilu Yonyamula; ndi Satifiketi Yoyambira (ngati pakufunika).
Q: Kodi mumapereka ntchito zodula komanso zopindika za U-bend zamachubu a P235GH?
A: Inde. Timapereka kudula kolondola kwambiri kutalika komwe makasitomala akufuna, komwe kumakhala kolimba (nthawi zambiri ±3mm) komanso koyera, kopanda ma burr. Pa ntchito zosinthira kutentha, titha kulumikizana ndi malo opindika ogwirizana nawo a machubu a U-bend (opindika ozizira) okhala ndi ma radii opindika olamulidwa komanso ovality yochepa. Machubu a U-bend amatha kuperekedwa ndi kapena popanda kupindika mutapindika. Chonde perekani zojambula zanu zopindika malinga ndi zosowa zanu.
Q: Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa normalized (+N) ndi as-welded delivery condition?
A: Chithandizo cha kutentha chokhazikika (+N) (890-930°C) chimapanga kapangidwe ka ferrite-pearlite kofanana, kumawonjezera kulimba ndi kulimba, komanso kumachepetsa kupsinjika kwa welding yotsalira. Mkhalidwe wolumikizidwa ngati welded uli ndi kupsinjika kwakukulu kotsalira ndipo ukhoza kukhala ndi kapangidwe kochepa ka tirigu. Pakugwiritsa ntchito kupanikizika,wabwinobwinonthawi zambiri zimafunika malinga ndi EN 10217-2 kuti zitsimikizire kuti zinthu zili bwino kwambiri kuti kutentha kukhale kokwera. Womic Steel imapereka P235GH mu mkhalidwe wabwinobwino monga muyezo wa ntchito zopanikizika.
Zogulitsa Zofanana
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Chitoliro chachitsulo cha EN 10219 S355JRH ERW - Mphamvu Yaikulu ...
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Chitoliro chachitsulo cha EN 10219 S355J2H ERW: Mphamvu Yaikulu ...
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Chitoliro chachitsulo cha EN 10219 S275JRH ERW - Mphamvu Yapakatikati ...
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Chitoliro chachitsulo cha EN 10219 S235JRH ERW - Cholinga Chachikulu ...
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EN 10217 P355GH ERW Chitsulo chachitsulo - Mphamvu Zazikulu ...
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Chitoliro chachitsulo cha EN 10217 P295GH ERW - Mphamvu Yaikulu ...
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EN 10217 P265GH ERW Chitsulo chachitsulo - Mphamvu Zapakatikati ...
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EN 10217 P235GH ERW Chitsulo chachitsulo - High Temperatu ...