Chitoliro Chopanda Zitsulo Chosapanga Dzimbiri cha 904L | UNS N08904 / 1.4539 Chophimba Chapamwamba cha Alloy cha Utumiki wa Sulfuric ndi Phosphoric Acid - Womic Steel

Kufotokozera Kwachidule:

Chitoliro chophimbidwa ndi zitsulo cha bimetal cha 904L - mkati mwa CRA layer 904L (UNS N08904 / 1.4539) cholumikizidwa ndi zitsulo ku chitsulo cha carbon kapena chitsulo chotsika cha alloy. Chopangidwa ndi hot roll bonding + JCOE (cholumikizidwa) kapena ndi hot extrusion (yopanda msoko pa mainchesi ang'onoang'ono). Chopangidwa kuti chikhale cholimba kwambiri ku sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, formic acid, acetic acid, ndi chloride stress corrosion cracking. Choviikidwa, chosagwiritsidwa ntchito, komanso choyesedwa mokwanira.

Tumizani imelo kwa ife Zofotokozera Zamalonda

Tsatanetsatane wa Zamalonda

Ma tag a Zamalonda

Zinthu Zapakati (Chitsulo Chothandizira - zosankha zingapo):

●API 5L X52 / X60 / X65- chitoliro champhamvu kwambiri chotumizira mafuta ndi gasi / asidi

●SA-106 Gr.B- chitsulo cha kaboni chotentha kwambiri

●SA-210 Gr.C- mtundu wa chubu cha boiler

●ASTM A333 Gr.6- chitsulo cha kaboni chotentha kwambiri

●ASTM A335 P11 / P22- Cr-Mo alloy yogwiritsidwa ntchito kutentha kwambiri (kugwiritsa ntchito pang'ono ndi 904L)

Chophimba (chophimba cha CRA):904L (UNS N08904 / 1.4539) – chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha austenitic chokhala ndi 23-28% Ni, 19-23% Cr, 4-5% Mo, 1-2% Cu. PREN ≈ 34. Kukana bwino kwambiri kuchepetsa ma asidi (sulfuric, phosphoric, formic), kukana bwino chloride pitting, kuposa 316L mu ntchito ya asidi.

Kukula kwa Kukula:OD 60 – 1219 mm (chitoliro chophimbidwa ndi welded - hot roll + JCOE). OD 25 – 168 mm (kutulutsa kopanda msoko). Kukhuthala kwa khoma lapakati 4 – 40 mm. Kukhuthala kwa cladding 2.0 – 4.0 mm (3.0 mm yolimbikitsidwa kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito ngati asidi). Utali umodzi mpaka 15 m (wopanda msoko) kapena 24 m (wophimbidwa).

Njira:Kugwirana kwa ma roll otenthedwa + JCOE kupanga (yolumikizidwa) kapena yotenthedwa (yopanda msoko). Mphamvu yocheka ma bond achitsulo ≥200 MPa (yolumikizidwa) kapena ≥300 MPa (yopanda msoko). Kuyang'anira ma bond a 100% UT, mayeso a hydrostatic, mayeso omangirira, kuphwanyika, PMI yosankha ndi mayeso a dzimbiri pakati pa granular.

Miyezo:API 5LD (ya chitoliro cholumikizidwa ndi chingwe), ASME Section VIII Div.1, EN 10216-5 (ya 904L yopanda msoko), ASTM A240 (mbale ya 904L). NACE MR0175: 904L ndi yovomerezeka pa ntchito ya sour pokhapokha ngati pali zinthu zochepa (H₂S yotsika, ma chloride otsika, kutentha kochepa) - sizikulimbikitsidwa nthawi zambiri.

Mapulogalamu:Mapaipi a zomera za sulfuric acid, malo opangira feteleza a phosphoric acid, minda ya matanki a mankhwala, makina ozizira a m'madzi a m'nyanja (high chloride), zotsukira mpweya wa flue (FGD), kusamutsa mankhwala oyera kwambiri, ntchito ya acetic / formic acid, mankhwala ndi kukonza chakudya (high purification).

Chitsulo cha Womicimapanga chitoliro chokhala ndi 904L chokhala ndi denga lolimba chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri posamalira asidi. Timaphatikiza kukana dzimbiri kwa 904L ndi mphamvu ya makina yochokera ku chitsulo cha carbon/alloy, zomwe zimasunga 40 60% poyerekeza ndi chitoliro cholimba cha 904L. Miyeso yopangidwa mwamakonda, kuyang'aniridwa ndi chipani chachitatu, EN 10204 Mtundu 3.2 ulipo. Lumikizanani nafe kuti mupeze mayankho a chitoliro chokhala ndi denga lolimba.

1. N’chifukwa chiyani chitoliro cha 904L Clad chimagwiritsidwa ntchito? Pamene 316L Sikokwanira

904L (UNS N08904 / 1.4539) ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chopangidwa ndi alloy austenitic chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pamene 316L imalephera chifukwa cha kukana asidi kapena kutayika kwa dzenje.

Zosiyanitsa zazikulu poyerekeza ndi 316L:

Katundu	316L	904L	Ubwino
Nikeli (%)	10-14	23-28	Ni yapamwamba imawonjezera kukana kwa asidi
Molybdenum (%)	2-3	4-5	Higher Mo imapangitsa kuti pit iyambe kugwira ntchito bwino
Mkuwa (%)	—	1-2	Cu yofunika kwambiri pakukana kwa sulfuric acid
PREN	24-26	34	904L yolimba kwambiri kuposa dzenje
Kukana kwa asidi wa sulfure	Osauka pansi pa 10% kapena kupitirira 80%	Zabwino kwambiri 0-80% pa kutentha kwapakati	904L ndiye muyezo wa ntchito ya H₂SO₄

Ma asidi omwe 904L amaposa:

● Sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) – 0-80% ya kuchuluka, mpaka 50 60°C

● Phosphoric acid (H₃PO₄) – kuchuluka konse

● Formic acid (HCOOH) ndi acetic acid (CH₃COOH)

● Sakanizani hydrochloric acid (HCl) – yochepa

● Ma asidi osakaniza (monga, H₂SO₄ + ma chloride)

Chifukwa chiyani anavala zovala?Chitoliro cholimba cha 904L ndi chokwera mtengo kwambiri (mtengo wa 2 3 × wa 316L, mtengo wa 5 6 × wa chitsulo cha kaboni). Pogwiritsa ntchito gawo lopyapyala (2 4 mm) la mkati la 904L lolumikizidwa ku chitoliro chakunja cha chitsulo cha kaboni, mumapeza kukana dzimbiri komweko pa40 60% mtengo wotsika wa zinthuChitsulo cha kaboni chimapereka mphamvu ya makina pang'ono poyerekeza ndi mtengo wa aloyi.

Makampani wamba:Kupanga ndi mayendedwe a sulfuric acid, mafakitale a feteleza a phosphate, mizere yachitsulo yopangira zinthu zophikidwa, zotengera mankhwala, zosinthira kutentha kwa madzi a m'nyanja (chloride yambiri, kutentha pang'ono).

2. Zofunikira Zazinthu - Zosankha za Chitsulo cha 904L Chophimba ndi Chothandizira

2.1 904L Chophimba Mankhwala Opangidwa (% potengera kulemera)

Chinthu	UNS N08904 (904L)
Kaboni (C)	≤0.020
Manganese (Mn)	≤2.00
Silikoni (Si)	≤1.00
Phosphorus (P)	≤0.040
Sulfure (S)	≤0.030
Chromium (Cr)	19.0 – 23.0
Nikeli (Ni)	23.0 – 28.0
Molybdenum (Mo)	4.0 – 5.0
Mkuwa (Cu)	1.0 – 2.0
Chitsulo (Fe)	Kulinganiza

Kuwonjezera kwa mkuwa ndikofunikira kwambiri pakulimbana ndi sulfuric acid. Popanda Cu, 316L imavutika mwachangu mu H₂SO₄ yonyowa.

2.2 Katundu wa Makina (Kutentha kwa Chipinda)

Katundu	Chivundikiro cha 904L	Chothandizira Chachitsulo Cha Carbon Chokhazikika
Mphamvu Yotulutsa (min, MPa)	220	240 450 (kutengera giredi)
Mphamvu Yokoka (min, MPa)	490	415 535
Kutalika (mphindi, %)	35	18 25
Kulimba (kwambiri)	200 HB	Malinga ndi giredi

2.3 Kukana Kudzikundikira kwa 904L - Deta Yofunika

Asidi	Kuganizira kwambiri	Kutentha	Kuchuluka kwa dzimbiri (mm/chaka)
Sulfuriki (H₂SO₄)	10-50%	50°C	<0.1 (zabwino kwambiri)
Sulfuriki (H₂SO₄)	70-80%	30°C	<0.1
Phosphoric (H₃PO₄)	30-85%	80°C	<0.1
Asidi wa formic	Chilichonse	100°C	<0.1
Asidi ya acetic	Chilichonse	100°C	<0.1
Madzi a m'nyanja	3.5% Cl-	30°C	Kukana kwa ming'alu ndi koyenera (PREN 34)

Zoletsa:904L siilimbikitsidwa pa asidi wotentha (>80°C) wokhuthala wa sulfuric acid (>90%) kapena pa ntchito ya hydrochloric acid yotentha kwambiri. Pa izi, ganizirani ma alloy a nickel (Alloy C-276).

2.4 Zosankha za Chitsulo Chothandizira pa Chitoliro cha 904L Clad

Chitsulo Chothandizira	Muyezo	Mphamvu	Kugwiritsa Ntchito Kwambiri kwa 904L Clad
API 5L X52 / X60 / X65	API 5L PSL2	360 450 MPa yotuluka	Mapaipi a asidi akutali
SA-106 Gr.B	ASTM A106	240 MPa yotuluka	Mapaipi a fakitale yoyeretsera zinthu ndi mankhwala
SA-210 Gr.C	ASME SA-210	245 MPa yotuluka	Machubu osinthira kutentha / chotenthetsera cha asidi
ASTM A333 Gr.6	ASTM A333	240 MPa yotuluka	Mapaipi okhala ndi asidi wochepa kutentha (-45°C)
ASTM A335 P11 / P22	ASTM A335	205 275 MPa yotuluka	Kutentha kwambiri (>450°C?) Dziwani: 904L yocheperako mpaka ~350°C mu asidi

Dziwani kutentha kwambiri:904L yokha si yoyenera kutentha kwa chitsulo choposa 350-400°C mu ntchito yowononga. Chitsulo chakumbuyo chingathe kupirira kutentha kwakukulu, koma chophimbacho chidzachepetsa kutentha konse kwa ntchito. Pa ntchito ya asidi wotentha kwambiri (>400°C), ganizirani za chophimba cha Alloy 825 kapena Alloy 28.

2.5 Magawo Osiyanasiyana

Njira Yopangira	OD Range (mm)	Kulemera kwapakati (mm)	Kulemera kwa cladding (mm)	Kutalika Kwambiri (m)
Wolukidwa (wotchinga wotentha + JCOE)	219 – 1219	6 - 40	2.0 – 4.0	24
Yopanda msoko (yotulutsa)	25 - 168	4 - 15	2.0 – 3.5	15

Kukhuthala koyenera kwa cladding kuti asidi agwiritsidwe ntchito:Osachepera 3.0 mm. Pa zinthu zoopsa kwambiri (monga sulfuric acid yotentha komanso kuthamanga kwa madzi), tikupangira 4.0 mm.

3. Njira Yopangira - Kugwirizanitsa Ma Roll Otentha + JCOE (Yolumikizidwa, OD ≥219 mm)

Pa mapaipi akuluakulu a asidi, iyi ndiyo njira yoyamba:

Gawo	Kufotokozera
Kukonzekera mbale	Mbale ya 904L (CRA) ndi mbale yachitsulo cha kaboni (kumbuyo) zimatsukidwa, kuyikidwa pamodzi (904L mkati), ndikutsekedwa ndi vacuum kuti mpweya uchotsedwe.
Kulumikizana kotentha	Chokocho chimatenthedwa kufika pa 1100-1180°C ndipo chimakulungidwa pa chiŵerengero chapamwamba chochepetsera (≥5:1). Zigawozo zimalumikizana ndi zitsulo.
Mbale NDT	Kuyesa kwa 100% kwa ultrasound kwa mawonekedwe a clad plate bond.
Kupanga JCOE	Mbale yophimbidwa imaphwanyidwa m'mphepete, kenako imapangidwa kukhala chitoliro chotseguka pogwiritsa ntchito makina osindikizira a JCO. 904L imakhala pamwamba pa mkati.
Kuwotcherera kwa msoko wautali	Ma pass awiri: pass yamkati yokhala ndi 904L filler (kapena Alloy 625), pass yakunja yokhala ndi carbon steel filler.
Kuphimba kwa weld (ngati mukufuna)	Msoko wamkati wa weld ukhoza kuphimbidwa ndi 904L kapena Alloy 625 kuti uphimbe dzimbiri lonse.
Chithandizo cha kutentha	Kuchepetsa kupsinjika (ngati pakufunika). 904L sikufunika chithandizo cha kutentha pambuyo pa weld.
NDT ndi mayeso	Malinga ndi Gawo 4.
Kusankha ndi kusangalala ndi zinthu zina	Pamwamba pa 904L, kuti muwonetsetse kuti palibe gawo lokhazikika.
Kuyendera komaliza ndi kutumiza	Bevel, zipewa, zomangira.

Kwa msoko wopanda msoko (wam'mimba mwake waung'ono, OD ≤168 mm):Kuponya kwa Centrifugal + kutulutsa kotentha (kofanana ndi zinthu zakale zophimbidwa ndi mapaipi). Zopanda msoko zimachotsa weld yotalikirapo, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pa zosinthira kutentha za U bend ndi mizere yoyera kwambiri.

4. Kuyang'anira ndi Kuyesa - Chitoliro cha 904L Clad

Popeza 904L ndi aloyi wochuluka, timayang'ana kwambiri kapangidwe ka cladding ndi kutsimikizira kuwononga.

Mayeso	Njira Yokhazikika / Njira	Chigawo	Kuvomereza
PMI (XRF) ya 904L cladding	Kuzindikiritsa Zinthu Zabwino	Chubu chilichonse (kapena mbale iliyonse)	Tsimikizani Cu, Mo, Ni, Cr mkati mwa spec
Bond UT	Mafunde oduladula	100% ya mawonekedwe ovala	Palibe kugawanika >50mm; chiwerengero chonse <2%
Longitudinal UT	ASTM E213 / ISO 10893 10	100% ya chubu	Palibe mawu omveka bwino
Mayeso a Hydrostatic	Kupanikizika kwa kapangidwe ka 1.5 ×	Chubu chilichonse	Palibe kutayikira
Chitsulo cholimba (chothandizira)	Pa API 5L / A106 / ndi zina zotero.	Pa kutentha kulikonse	Pezani ma grade specs
Kumangirira (kudula chomangira)	Kankhirani kunja kapena kumeta mphete	Pa gulu lililonse	≥200 MPa (yolumikizidwa)
Kulimba (904L cladding)	HV10	Gulu	≤200 HV
Kutupa kwa intergranular	ASTM A262 Practice E (pa 904L)	Pa gulu lililonse (ngati mukufuna)	Palibe kuukira pakati pa granular
Mayeso osalala	ASME SA 450	Pa gulu lililonse	Palibe ming'alu

Zikalata:EN 10204 Mtundu 3.1 (wokhazikika). Mtundu 3.2 wokhala ndi mboni ya chipani chachitatu (SGS, BV, DNV, TÜV) ulipo ngati ufunsidwa.

Mayeso owonjezera akapemphedwa (oyenera kulipitsidwa):

● Kuthekera kwa kuponya (ASTM G5)

● Copper sulfate – mayeso a sulfuric acid a 904L (omwe amakhudza ntchito ya H₂SO₄)

5. Ntchito - Kumene Chitoliro cha 904L Clad Chili Choyenera

5.1 Mapaipi a Zomera a Sulfuric Acid

Vuto:Asidi wotentha wa sulfuric (60-80%, 50-80°C) umawononga kwambiri zitsulo za carbon komanso ngakhale 316L. 904L yakhala chinthu chodziwika bwino chopangira alkylation ya sulfuric acid, nsanja zowumitsa, komanso mapaipi olumikizirana kwa zaka zambiri.

Yankho:Chitoliro chophimbidwa ndi 904L chokhala ndi chitsulo cha kaboni kumbuyo (SA-106 Gr.B kapena API 5L X52). Gawo lamkati la 904L limasamalira asidi; chitsulo cha kaboni chimapereka mphamvu yokakamiza ndikuchepetsa mtengo.

Chitsanzo:24″ OD × 12.7 mm core WIT × 3.0 mm 904L cladding, kutalika 12 m. Yogwiritsidwa ntchito mu Middle East sulfure recovery unit.

5.2 Zomera Zopangira Manyowa a Phosphoric Acid

Vuto:Phosphoric acid (30-50%, 50-90°C) ili ndi ma chloride, fluoride, ndi zinthu zolimba. Ma pits ndi ming'alu ya 316L imawononga. 904L imapereka kukana bwino kwambiri.

Yankho:Chitoliro chophimbidwa ndi 904L chokhala ndi kumbuyo kwa SA-106 Gr.B. Mkuwa womwe uli mu 904L ndi wothandiza kwambiri mu phosphoric acid.

5.3 Kuziziritsa / Kuchotsa Mchere M'madzi a M'nyanja (Choleridi Yambiri)

Vuto:316L imatha kuwononga ming'alu m'madzi a m'nyanja omwe ali pansi pa kutentha kopitilira 30-40°C. 904L ili ndi PREN (34) yokwera ndipo imakana kubowola bwino.

Yankho:Chitoliro chophimbidwa ndi 904L chokhala ndi API 5L X65 kumbuyo kwa mizere yothira madzi a m'nyanja yothamanga kwambiri. Chimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mapulatifomu akunja kwa nyanja opangira madzi amoto ndi makina ozizira.

5.4 Kusungira ndi Kusamutsa Tanki ya Mankhwala

Vuto:Matanki osungiramo zinthu za acetic acid, formic acid, kapena organic acids osakaniza amafunika alloy yolimba yokwera mtengo kwambiri kapena chitsulo cha carbon chokhala ndi rabara. Mkati mwa rabara mutha kulephera.

Yankho:Chitoliro chophimbidwa ndi 904L chimapereka chotchinga chokhazikika komanso chopanda dzimbiri. Pa mapaipi a famu ya thanki, chitoliro chophimbidwa ndi welded ndi chabwino kwambiri.

5.5 Zotsukira Zotsukira Mpweya wa Flue (FGD)

Vuto:Makina a FGD amagwira ntchito ndi gypsum slurries yokhala ndi pH yotsika komanso ma chloride. Ma towers ambiri a FGD absorber ndi ma outlet ducts amagwiritsa ntchito ma alloys 904L kapena apamwamba.

Yankho:Chitoliro chophimbidwa ndi 904L cha mizere yozungulira madzi. Mbali yakumbuyo ikhoza kukhala A106 Gr.B kapena A333 Gr.6 (ngati ili yozizira).

6. N’chifukwa Chiyani Muyenera Kusankha Chitsulo cha Womic pa Chitoliro cha 904L Clad?

Mphamvu	Tsatanetsatane
Chidziwitso ndi ma alloys apamwamba	Tapanga mapaipi okhala ndi clad a 904L a mapulojekiti angapo a zomera za asidi ku China, Middle East, ndi Southeast Asia.
Mgwirizano weniweni wa zitsulo	Palibe chiopsezo cha kugwa kwa liner - 904L imalumikizidwa kosatha ku chitsulo chakumbuyo.
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana	Chopingasa chaching'ono chopanda msoko (chotulutsa) mpaka cholumikizidwa chachikulu (1219 mm).
Kutsata kwathunthu	Nambala iliyonse ya kutentha kwa mbale ya 904L imalembedwa ndikulumikizidwa ku chitoliro chomaliza. PMI ikhoza kuchitika pamalo angapo.
Kuyang'ana kwa chipani chachitatu	SGS, BV, DNV, TÜV zinaonedwa nthawi yonse yopanga. EN 10204 Mtundu 3.2 ulipo.
Kusunga ndalama	40 yotsika mtengo ndi 60% kuposa chitoliro cholimba cha 904L chokhala ndi mphamvu yofanana.

7. Kulongedza, Kutumiza & Nthawi Yotsogolera

●Mkhalidwe:Malo amkati a 904L okometsedwa ndi kupakidwa madzi; chitsulo chakunja cha kaboni chikhoza kupakidwa mafuta kapena kupakidwa pulasitala.

● Chitetezo cha kumapeto:Zipewa zapulasitiki (zipewa zachitsulo zokhala ndi mainchesi akuluakulu).

●Kusonkhanitsa:Pa ma diameter ang'onoang'ono (<20″) - mitolo yokhala ndi ma spacer. Pa ma diameter akuluakulu - ma cradles osiyana.

●Nthawi yobweretsera (oda loyamba):Masabata 14-18 (kusonkhanitsa ndi kuyika mbale 904L). Kubwereza maoda: Masabata 10-12.

●MOQ:Palibe MOQ yokhwima; maoda oyesera amavomerezedwa (monga, mamita 100-200). Mitengo ya zinthu zochepa ndi yokwera.

8. Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri (Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri) - Chitoliro Chokhala ndi 904L

Q1: Ndi liti pamene ndiyenera kusankha 904L kuposa 316L pa chitoliro chophimbidwa?
A: Sankhani 904L pamene ntchitoyo ikukhudzasulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, formic/acetic acid, kapena pamene 316L ikuwonetsa dzenje kapena dzimbiri m'malo mwanu. 904L ndi yabwinonso pamadzi ofunda a m'nyanja (chloride wambiri). Ngati madziwo ali ndi asidi pang'ono okha popanda chloride, 316L ikhoza kukhala yokwanira.

Q2: Kodi kutentha kwakukulu kwa 904L ndi kotani?
A: Mu ntchito yowononga, 904L nthawi zambiri imakhala yochepa350-400°CKuposa pamenepo, zinthuzo zitha kupangitsa kuti dzimbiri lizizizira kapena kutaya mphamvu yolimbana ndi dzimbiri. Kuti asidi azigwira ntchito kutentha kwambiri (>400°C), ganizirani za Alloy 825 kapena 625.

Q3: Kodi 904L ingagwiritsidwe ntchito popereka mpweya woipa (H₂S)?
A: NACE MR0175 / ISO 15156 imalola 904L kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito ngati wowawasa pokhapokha ngati ili yofatsa kwambiri: kupanikizika pang'ono kwa H₂S kochepa, ma chloride ochepa, pH >3.5, kutentha <60°C. Pa mpweya wamba wowawasa wonyowa, Incoloy 825 ndi yabwino kwambiri.

Q4: Ndi chitsulo chiti chodzaza chomwe chiyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito powotcherera chitoliro chophimbidwa ndi 904L?
A: Pa pass yamkati (904L mpaka 904L), gwiritsani ntchitoAloyi 625 (ERNiCrMo-3)kapenaChodzaza cha 904L (ER385)Alloy 625 ndi yofala kwambiri ndipo imapereka chitetezo chapamwamba. Musagwiritse ntchito chodzaza cha 316L.

Q5: Kodi chitoliro chophimbidwa cha 904L chilipo m'madigiri ang'onoang'ono (monga 2″) chogwiritsira ntchito zida?
A: Inde, kudzera mu njira yathu yotulutsira zinthu mopanda msoko. OD yocheperako ndi pafupifupi 25 mm (1″). Kukhuthala kwa cladding ndi 2.0 2.5 mm.

Q6: Kodi 904L ikufanana bwanji ndi Alloy 28 (UNS N08028)?
A: Zonsezi ndi zoteteza kwambiri za alloy zomwe zili ndi PREN yofanana (34 vs 38). Alloy 28 ili ndi Cr ndi Ni yapamwamba kwambiri, ndipo imalimbana bwino ndi chloride yambiri + kutentha kwambiri. Pa sulfuric acid, zonse ziwiri ndi zabwino kwambiri. Alloy 28 ndi yokwera mtengo pang'ono. 904L imapezeka kwambiri m'mafakitale a North America acid; Alloy 28 m'mafotokozedwe aku Europe.

Q7: Kodi mungapereke chitoliro chophimbidwa cha 904L chokhala ndi A333 Gr.6 kumbuyo kuti chigwiritsidwe ntchito kutentha kochepa?
A: Inde. 904L imakhalabe yofewa pa kutentha kochepa; kumbuyo kwa A333 Gr.6 kumayesedwa pa -45°C. Kuphatikiza kumeneku ndikoyenera mapaipi a arctic acid (osowa koma n'kotheka).

Q8: Kodi mumapereka chitsimikizo chakuti chophimbacho sichimasungunuka ndi chitsulo cha kaboni?
Yankho: Inde. Njira yolumikizira vacuum hot roll imaletsa okosijeni ndipo imachepetsa kufalikira. Timachita PMI pamwamba pa cladding kuti titsimikizire kapangidwe kake. Malo osungunuka nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi makulidwe ochepa a ma microns ndipo sakhudzidwa ndi madzi.

Q9: Kodi mphamvu yanthawi zonse ya 904L cladding ndi yotani?
A: 904L ili ndi mphamvu yotulutsa pafupifupi 220 MPa (32 ksi) mu mkhalidwe wophimbidwa. Izi ndi zochepa kuposa kumbuyo kwa chitsulo cha kaboni koma makulidwe a cladding ndi ochepa; pakati pa chitsulo cha kaboni imakhala ndi mphamvu ya hoop. Pakupanga kupanikizika, timagwiritsa ntchito makulidwe a khoma lachitsulo cha kumbuyo kokha; cladding imaonedwa ngati njira yochepetsera dzimbiri.

Q10: Kodi mumapereka malekezero opindika okhala ndi mafuta opaka 904L?
A: Inde. Tikhoza kukonza ma bevel (30-35°, 1.6 mm land) ndikugwiritsa ntchito weld overlay (buttering) ya Alloy 625 kapena 904L filler pamwamba pa bevel. Izi zimalepheretsa kusungunuka kwa 904L cladding panthawi yolumikiza field girth.

Q11: Kodi mungapereke machubu a U-bend ophikira kutentha a 904L?
A: Inde, pa chitoliro chopanda msoko (OD ≤168 mm). Timapinda mozizira, kuchepetsa kupsinjika, ndi 100% NDT (PT kapena ET) malo opinda. Ma U-kopindika a ntchito za asidi amapezeka kwambiri m'mafakitale a mankhwala.

Q12: Kodi ndingayitanitsa bwanji kuchuluka kochepa koyeserera?
A: Perekani OD, core WT, makulidwe a cladding, kutalika (m), ndi mtundu wa chitsulo chosungira. Tidzatchula gulu loyesera (monga, 50 mpaka mamita 100). Yembekezerani mtengo wapamwamba pa zinthu zochepa.

9. Mndandanda Woyang'anira Maoda a Chitoliro cha 904L Clad

Kuti muwonetsetse kuti zinthuzo ndi zolondola, chonde perekani izi:

●Kumbuyo chitsulo kalasi(API 5L X52/60/65, SA-106 Gr.B, SA-210 Gr.C, A333 Gr.6, kapena A335 P11/P22)

● Chidutswa chakunja (OD)ndimakulidwe a khoma lapakati

● makulidwe a 904L cladding(ndikupangira 3.0 mm kuti asidi agwiritsidwe ntchito)

● Kutalika pa chidutswa chilichonsendikutalika konse (mamita)

● Njira yopangira zinthu(yolumikizidwa ku OD ≥219 mm; yopanda msoko ku OD ≤168 mm)

● Muyezo woyenera(API 5LD, ASME, EN, kapena spec ya kasitomala)

● Mulingo wowunikira(Muyezo wa Mtundu 3.1; Mtundu 3.2 ndi chipani chachitatu)

● Malizitsani kumaliza(zomveka, zopindika, zokongoletsedwa + 904L buttering)

● Nthawi yotumizira(Doko la FOB China, doko lopita ku CIF)

Womic Steel idzayankha ndi deta yaukadaulo, mtengo wamalonda, ndi dongosolo labwino.

10. Contact Womic Steel – Katswiri wa Mapaipi Okhala ndi Alloy Clad

Ngati mukufunafunaChitoliro chophimbidwa ndi 316LNdi chithandizo chilichonse cha kaboni kapena chitsulo chopangidwa ndi aloyi, titumizireni upangiri waukadaulo waulere komanso mtengo wopanda chikakamizo.

Webusaiti: www.womicsteel.com
Imelo: sales@womicsteel.com
Foni / WhatsApp / WeChat:

Victor: +86 15575100681

Jack: +86 18390957568

Chitsulo cha Womic - Mayankho a mapaipi okhala ndi 316L opangidwa mwaluso kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito pa CO₂, boiler, heat exchanger, kutentha kochepa, komanso kutentha kwambiri.

Yapitayi: Chitoliro Chopanda Zitsulo Chosapanga Dzimbiri cha 316L | Chothandizira Chitsulo cha Carbon & Alloy cha CO₂ Service, Boiler, Heat Exchanger & Low Temperature – Womic Steel

Ena: Wopanga Chitoliro cha Bimetal Clad | Chitoliro Cholumikizidwa ndi Metallurgically Bonded CRA Lined – Womic Steel