Chitoliro cha Chitsulo cha API 5L X65 LSAW: Luso Lopanga & Zofotokozera Zamalonda

Chifukwa chiyani Womic Steel ya X65 LSAW?

● Njira ya UOE imapereka kuzungulira kwa ±0.2% OD - ndikofunikira kwambiri pakukana kugwa kwa madzi akuya

● Utumiki wothira madzi wovomerezeka ndi HIC/SSC ndi PWHT

● Kutentha kochepa kufika pa -60°C ndi kuyesa kwa CTOD kwa makina osweka

● API 5L Monogram + DNV yovomerezeka kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito kunja kwa dziko

● Mapaipi a X65 opitilira makilomita 1,200 aperekedwa padziko lonse lapansi

● Kuyang'aniridwa ndi anthu ena ndi DNV, ABS, BV, SGS, TÜV

Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri:

Q: Kodi kusiyana pakati pa X65 ndi X60 pa mapaipi akunja kwa dziko ndi kotani?
A: X65 imapereka mphamvu yochulukitsa 8% (450 vs 415 MPa), zomwe zimapangitsa kuti makoma ocheperako pang'ono azitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Pamadzi akuya (≥ 1,000m), X65 nthawi zambiri imakondedwa chifukwa cha kukana kugwa bwino komanso kutopa kwake. Komabe, X65 imafuna njira zowotcherera zolimba kwambiri ndipo imakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi ming'alu ya haidrojeni. Pamadzi akuya <500m, X60 ikhoza kukhala yotsika mtengo.

Q: Kodi mungapereke mayeso a CTOD a X65 kwa ma riser akunja?
A: Inde. Timachita mayeso a CTOD pa BS 7448 kapena ASTM E1820 pa kutentha komwe kwatchulidwa (nthawi zambiri -20°C kapena -46°C). Mitengo yocheperako ya CTOD: 0.25mm pa chitsulo chosungunula, 0.30mm pa HAZ. Tapereka X65 yoyesedwa ndi CTOD kwa北海ndi mapulojekiti aku Southeast Asia omwe ali m'mphepete mwa nyanja.

Q: Kodi makulidwe a khoma lalikulu kwambiri la chitoliro cha X65 LSAW ndi otani?
A: JCOE/UOE yosapitirira 50.8mm, msoko umodzi wopindidwa mpaka 70mm, msoko wachiwiri wopindidwa mpaka 80mm. Kuti khoma likhale lolimba > 50.8mm, PWHT ndi yofunikira. Posachedwapa tapereka X65 1,016mm OD × 60mm WT ya payipi ya CO₂ yothamanga kwambiri.

Q: Kodi mumatsimikiza bwanji kuti HAZ ndi yolimba pa X65 field welding?
A: Timalamulira plate chemistry (yotsika CEV, ≤ 0.40%), kutentha komwe kumalowa panthawi ya SAW (≤ 2.5 kJ/mm), ndi kutentha kwa interpass (≤ 200°C). Timapereka malangizo ofunikira pa njira yowelda (WPQ) kwa makasitomala ndipo timapereka zitsanzo zogwiritsidwa ntchito pa welding. Mphamvu ya HAZ Charpy yachizolowezi pa -20°C: 120-200J.

Q: Kodi X65 ndi yoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati sour service (H₂S)?
A: Inde, koma imafuna PSL2 yokhala ndi CEV yotsika (≤ 0.40%), PWHT ya makulidwe onse a khoma ≥ 20mm, kuuma ≤ 85 HRB, ndi mayeso a HIC/SSC. Womic yapereka chithandizo cha sour service X65 ku Middle East (30 ppm H₂S) ndi Canada (sour gas).

Q: Kodi nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito chitoliro cha X65 LSAW ndi yotani?
A: Standard X65 PSL1: Masiku 40-55. X65 PSL2 yokhala ndi sour service ndi PWHT: Masiku 60-80. Maoda ofulumira (masiku 30-45) a kuchuluka kosachepera matani 2,000 ngati mbale zilipo.

Chitsimikizo cha Pulojekiti - Paipi Yotumizira Gasi Yochokera Ku North Sea Deepwater

Dziko:Norway (Nyanja Yakumpoto, dera la munda wa Balder)
Muyezo ndi Giredi:API 5L X65 PSL2 yokhala ndi ntchito yowawasa ndi zofunikira za CTOD
Miyeso ndi Kuchuluka:

● OD 610mm (24″) × WIT 22.2mm – 28,000 meters (pafupifupi matani 9,200) yopangidwa ndi njira ya UOE

● OD 610mm (24″) × Kulemera 25.4mm – 6,000 mamita (pafupifupi matani 2,300) yopangidwa ndi njira ya UOE (khoma lokhuthala la gawo lokwezera)

● OD 813mm (32″) × Kulemera 30.0mm – 4,000 mamita (pafupifupi matani 2,500) yopangidwa ndi msoko umodzi wa mbale yokulungidwa (yofikira pagombe)
Zonse:Mamita 38,000 (38 km), pafupifupi matani 14,000

Mafotokozedwe:Chophimba chakunja cha 3LPP (kukhuthala konse kwa 3.5mm) kuti chigwiritsidwe ntchito kutentha kwambiri (110°C), malekezero opindika 30° / 1.6mm mizu yokhala ndi zoteteza za bevel zosapanga dzimbiri, hydrotest pa 22.5 MPa (kupanikizika kwa kapangidwe 17.0 MPa). Kufunika kwa Charpy impact pa -20°C (mphindi 50J, kufika 120-200J) ndi pa -46°C (mphindi 27J, kufika 80-150J). Kuyesa kwa CTOD pa BS 7448 pa -20°C - kuvomereza: chitsulo chosungunula ≥ 0.25mm, HAZ ≥ 0.30mm. HIC pa NACE TM0284 (Yankho A, 96h) - kuvomereza: CLR 0%, CTR 0%, CSR 0%. SSC pa NACE TM0177 - palibe kusweka. PWHT imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamapaipi onse chifukwa cha ntchito yowawa. 100% UT yokhala ndi TOFD ndi UT yonse (osati msoko wokha). Kuyang'aniridwa kwa DNV ndi chipani chachitatu panthawi yonse yopangira.

Ntchito:Paipi yotumizira gasi m'madzi akuya kuchokera ku Balder field (kuya kwa madzi 800-1,200m) kupita ku malo olandirira mpweya m'mphepete mwa nyanja ku Norway. Paipi ya 38 km ili ndi gawo lokwera (2 km, 25.4mm WT) ndi njira yolowera m'mphepete mwa nyanja kudzera m'malo amiyala (4 km, 30mm WT rolled plate).

Mavuto ndi Mayankho a Ukadaulo:

● Kukana kugwa kwa madzi akuya– Kuzama kwa madzi mpaka 1,200m kumabweretsa kupanikizika kwakunja kwa 12.5 MPa. Chitoliro cha UOE cha 24″ × 22.2mm chomwe chikufunika kuti chikwaniritse kupsinjika kwa kugwa ≥ 25 MPa (chitetezo 2). Mapaipi a UOE opangidwa ndi Womic okhala ndi ovality ≤ 0.2% (oyesedwa pa 0.15-0.18%) ndi kupsinjika kotsalira ≤ 35% SMYS. Tinachita kusanthula kwa finite element (FEA) pa magawo opangira ndipo tinatsimikizira ndi mayeso a kugwa kwa kuthamanga pa zitsanzo ziwiri zazikulu (zopezeka 28.5 MPa ndi 29.2 MPa).

● Utumiki wowawa wokhala ndi H₂S yapamwamba– Mpweyawu uli ndi 50 ppm H₂S pa kutentha kwa 90°C. Ma mbale osankhidwa a Womic otsika (C ≤ 0.07%), otsika-manganese (Mn ≤ 1.40%), otsika-sulfure (S ≤ 0.002%) okhala ndi chithandizo cha calcium. CEV idasungidwa pa 0.35-0.38%. PWHT idagwiritsidwa ntchito pamapaipi onse (kunyowa 600°C ± 10°C, kusunga maola 1.5). Kulimba pambuyo pa PWHT: chitsulo choyambira 78-84 HRB, weld 82-86 HRB, HAZ 80-84 HRB. Mayeso a HIC ndi SSC adapambana popanda ming'alu.

● Kulimba kwa CTOD kusweka kwa riser– Gawo lokwera losinthasintha limafuna kulimba kwambiri kuti lipirire kugwedezeka kwa mafunde. Womic adachita mayeso a CTOD pa chitsulo chosungunula ndi HAZ pa -20°C. Zotsatira: chitsulo chosungunula 0.35-0.55mm (≥ 0.25mm chikufunika), HAZ 0.40-0.70mm (≥ 0.30mm chikufunika). Tinachitanso Charpy yotsika kutentha pa -46°C (avereji ya 110J). DNV idawona mayeso onse a CTOD.

● Chophimba kutentha kwambiri (3LPP)– Kutentha kwa ntchito ndi 90°C, ndipo nsonga yake ndi 110°C panthawi yotseka. 3LPE yokhazikika (polyethylene) imakhala ndi malire a 80°C. Chophimba cha 3LPP (polypropylene) chogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi womic chokhala ndi makulidwe a 3.5mm (chophimba chapamwamba 2.5mm + chomatira 0.5mm + FBE 0.5mm). Chophimbacho chadutsa mayeso a cathodic disbondment pa 110°C (disbondment radius ≤ 8mm patatha masiku 28). Mphamvu yochotsa pa 110°C yoyesedwa pa 60 N/cm (osachepera 50 N/cm).

● Zolekerera zazikulu kwambiri pakuyika ma reel– Paipiyo idayikidwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira yoyika ma reel (paipi yolumikizidwa pa chotengera cha ma reel). Izi zimafuna kuwongolera kwambiri kwa dzira (≤ 0.2%) ndi kutalika kolimbitsa ma weld ≤ 0.5mm. Njira ya Womic ya UOE idapeza dzira 0.15-0.18%. Tinapukuta ma weld caps kufika pa ≤ kutalika kwa 0.3mm. Mapaipi onse adapambana mayeso apadera a "reelability": ma circles 10 a full-scale spooling popanda kusweka.

● Kayendetsedwe ka katundu ku Norway– Mapaipi anatumizidwa kuchokera ku Shanghai kupita ku Stavanger, Norway kudzera mu sitima yapamadzi yotseguka (yonyamula mapaipi apadera). Kuwoloka Nyanja ya Kumpoto kwa Nyengo Yachisanu kunafuna kulongedza zinthu zoteteza ku kuzizira. Mapepala a Womic ogwiritsidwa ntchito a VCI (vapor corrosion inhibitor) ndi zotsukira silika gel mkati mwa zipewa. Matani onse 14,000 anafika popanda kuwonongeka ndi dzimbiri kapena kuphimba.

Zotsatira:Paipi yotumizira gasi ya Balder field idayikidwa mu kotala lachitatu la 2024. Kuyika kwa reel-lay (kochitidwa ndi kontrakitala wotsogola wakunja kwa nyanja) kudanena kuti palibe vuto lililonse la chitoliro kapena kusweka kwa msoko panthawi yoyika ndi kuyika. Makilomita onse 38 adapambana mayeso a kuthamanga pansi pa nyanja. Kasitomala (wogwira ntchito wamkulu waku Norway) adapereka "Mphoto ya Kagwiridwe ka Ntchito" ku Womic Steel, ponena kuti "kusinthasintha kwapadera ndi zotsatira za CTOD." Womic tsopano ndi wogulitsa wovomerezeka pamapulojekiti ena awiri owonjezera a North Sea.

Lumikizanani nafe:
Webusaiti: www.womicsteel.com
Imelo: sales@womicsteel.com

Foni / WhatsApp / WeChat:
Victor: +86 15575100681
Jack: +86 18390957568

Womic Steel – Mnzanu wodalirika wa mapaipi a API 5L X65 LSAW a mapaipi akuya m'mphepete mwa nyanja, mipanda ya gasi yothamanga kwambiri, ntchito yonyowa, ndi ntchito za arctic padziko lonse lapansi.